关键词: 养老机构, 跌倒, 意外伤害, 公共卫生, 体育锻炼

Abstract: Objective To explore the incidence and influencing factors of falls among the elderly in pension institutions in Xinyang area. Methods From April to October 2020, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to divide the monthly occupancy costs into three tiers： high, medium, and low, and 2 pension institutions were sampled for each tier, and the elderly in the selected pension institutions were selected for a survey on the occurrence of falls. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the falls occurrence of the elderly in the pension institutions in the past year, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of falls. Results A total of 431 elderly people were surveyed, including 227 males, accounting for 52.67%, and 204 females, accounting for 47.33%; aged 60-92 years, with an average age of （74.89±8.32） years. Among 431 elderly people, 107 cases had fall behavior in the past year, and the incidence rate was 24.83%. The elderly in pension institutions who were female （OR=10.644）, aged over 70 years （OR=1.407, 1.555）, not using a walker （OR=1.967）, with cataracts （OR=3.861）, insufficient ability to recognize oneself （OR=2.413）, insufficient regular physical activity （OR=2.787）, hypertension （OR=5.114）, chronic fall-related disease （OR=2.740）, the impaired ability of daily living （OR=3.514）, poor indoor lighting （OR=10.329） , lack of awareness of fall prevention （OR=2.971）, liked to wear slippers to go out （OR=7.418）, and liked to drink alcohol （OR=3.585） had a higher risk of fall. Conclusion The elderly in pension institutions in Xinyang area has a high proportion of falls. Timely and effective intervention should be carried out to some risk factors leading to falls of the elderly, to ensure the safety of the elderly in pension institutions and curb the occurrence of falls.

Key words: Pension institution, Fall, Accidental injury, Public Health, Physical exercise