唐山市髋部骨折患者病例特征及其对并发症的影响研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.1508

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析唐山市髋部骨折的病例特征及并发症情况,为防治髋部骨折提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法对2018年1月至2023年1月唐山市3家医院收治的髋部骨折成年病例特征及并发症发生情况进行分析,并通过单、多因素分析方法对并发症的影响进行分析。结果共纳入7 953例髋部骨折患者,其中2018年1 527例、2019年1 562例、2020年1 594例、2021年1 629例、2022年1 641例,髋部骨折患者例数呈逐年增加趋势。髋部骨折患者中女性患者比例52.96%高于男性的47.04%,骨折患者随着年龄的增加而增加,其中80~92岁患者数量最多,占25.56%;春季和冬季是髋部骨折的高发季节,分别占26.32%和32.48%;骨折类型以股骨颈骨折为主,占39.66%,骨折原因中跌倒患者比例最高,占47.88%;开放性骨折患者所占比例为52.80%,明显高于闭合性骨折患者的47.20%;治疗方式以手术治疗为主,占93.66%;64.14%的患者合并骨质疏松症。共有513例患者在住院期间发生并发症,发生率6.45%。多因素logistic 回归分析结果显示年龄（OR=6.166）、开放性骨折（OR=3.611）、骨折到医院时间>48 h（OR=3.728）、保守治疗（OR=6.443）、合并内科疾病种类（1~2种OR=2.983,≥3种OR=5.540）是髋部骨折患者并发症发生的影响因素。结论唐山市髋部骨折患者以老年患者为主,股骨颈骨折及股骨转子间骨折是常见的骨折类型,年龄、开放性骨折、骨折到医院时间、保守治疗、合并症数目等是影响患者并发症发生率的主要因素。

关键词: 髋部, 髋骨, 骨折, 病例特征, 并发症

Abstract: Objective To analyze the case characteristics and complications of hip fracture in Tangshan City, and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of hip fracture. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the characteristics and complications of adult cases of hip fracture treated in three hospitals in Tangshan City from January 2018 to January 2023, and the influencing factors of complications were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 7 953 patients with hip fracture were included, including 1 527 cases in 2018, 1 562 cases in 2019, 1 594 cases in 2020, 1 629 cases in 2021, and 1 641 cases in 2022, showed an increasing trend year by year. The proportion of female patients with hip fracture was 52.96%, which was higher than that of male patients （47.04%）. The number of fracture patients increased with age, and the number of patients aged 80-92 years was the highest, accounting for 25.56%. Spring and winter were the most common seasons for hip fracture, accounting for 26.32% and 32.48% respectively. The main fracture type was femoral neck fracture, accounting for 39.66%. Among the causes of fracture, the proportion of falling patients was the highest, accounting for 47.88%. The proportion of patients with open fractures was 52.80%, which was significantly higher than that of patients with closed fractures （47.20%）. Surgical treatment was the main treatment, accounting for 93.66%. In addition, 64.14% of the patients were complicated with osteoporosis. A total of 513 patients had complications during hospitalization, with an incidence rate of 6.45%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=6.166）, open fracture （OR=3.611）, the time from fracture to hospital >48 hours （OR=3.728）, sonservative treatment （OR=6.443）, and types of comorbidities （1-2 OR=2.983, ≥3 OR=5.540） were the influencing factors for the occurrence of complications in patients with hip fractures. Conclusions The majority of hip fracture patients in Tangshan are elderly patients, and femoral neck fracture and intertrochanteric fracture are common types. Age, open fracture, time from fracture to hospital, conservative treatment, and number of comorbidities are the main factors affecting the incidence of complications.

Key words: Hip, Hip bone, Fracture, Case characteristics, Complication

中图分类号:

R195

王玉荣, 李巧静, 汪钊, 邹保林, 刘小坡, 周新香. 唐山市髋部骨折患者病例特征及其对并发症的影响研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(12): 1508-1511.

WANG Yurong, LI Qiaojing, WANG Zhao, ZOU Baolin, LIU Xiaopo, ZHOU Xinxiang. Analysis of case characteristics and influencing factors on complications of hip fracture patients in Tangshan City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(12): 1508-1511.

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