关键词: 职业暴露, 消毒供应中心, 职业防护, 焦虑, 抑郁, 职业倦怠

Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk and influencing factors of occupational exposure among staff in the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), and to explore the association between psychological factors and occupational exposure. Methods A simple sampling method was used to select CSSD staff from three secondary and above hospitals in Shanghai for a questionnaire survey. The survey covered general demographic characteristics, occupational exposure, occupational exposure risk perception, knowledge‑attitude‑practice (KAP) regarding occupational protection, as well as psychological states including anxiety, depression, and job burnout. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the current status of occupational exposure, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify influencing factors. Results A total of 705 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 298 staff had experienced occupational exposure, with an incidence rate of 42.27%. Physical exposure was the most common type, followed by chemical and biological exposure. Occupational exposure was mainly concentrated in the decontamination area, sterilization area, and inspection/packaging area. In the decontamination area, sharp injuries and biological exposure predominated; in the sterilization area, high‑temperature burns and noise injuries were most common; and in the inspection/packaging area, sharp injuries were the main type. Multivariate logistic regression showed that working experience of 6 months to 1 year (OR=3.596, 95% CI: 2.298-5.626), working in the decontamination area (OR=2.388, 95% CI: 1.027-5.553), daily working hours >10 h (OR=5.016, 95% CI: 2.747-9.160), night shifts (OR=1.977, 95% CI: 1.235-3.166), and not receiving occupational protection training (OR=2.031, 95% CI: 1.358-3.039) were independent risk factors for occupational exposure (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that anxiety, depression, and job burnout were positively correlated with the incidence of occupational exposure, and negatively correlated with occupational exposure risk perception and KAP scores regarding occupational protection (all P<0.01). Conclusion The incidence of occupational exposure among CSSD staff is relatively high. Working experience of 6 months to 1 year, working in the decontamination area, daily working hours >10 h, night shifts, and lack of protective training are important influencing factors. Anxiety, depression, and job burnout are closely associated with the occurrence of occupational exposure.

Key words: Occupational exposure, Central Sterile Supply Department, Occupational safety, Anxiety, Depression, Job burnout