Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of the national health city project on health literacy among residents in Meizhou City from 2008 to 2012 so as to provide scientific basis for health literacy intervention．Methods Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method, urban and rural residents aged 15-74 years were selected from each 3 villages (neighborhood committees) of 1 town and 1 street office which were selected from 3 towns and 3 street offices as the survey points in Meijiang District with 90 villages (neighborhood committees). Participants were intervened by“Sixty-six for health literacy of citizens”. The health literacy assessment was analyzed before and after the interventions．Results Before and after the interventions, 1 270 and 1 280 residents were investigated respectively and there were no significant differences in the distribution of urban and rural areas, gender, age, and educational levels of the participants (P>0.05 for all). The rates with total health literacy, basic knowledge and concept，healthy life style, and basic skills increased from 9.5%, 11.8%，10.5%，and 14.6% before the intervention to 19.4%, 17.3%，14.8%，and 33.6% after the intervention among residents in Meizhou City（P<0.01 for all）．After the intervention，the correct answer rates of five health literacy problems were 19.4% for scientific health view，32.9% for infectious disease prevention, 22.3% for chronic disease prevention, 48.8% for security and emergency，and 15.2% for primary medical care，significantly increased compared with those (9.5%，24.5%，12.8%，22.2%，and 9.4%) before intervention（P<0.01 for all）．Conclusion Health literacy knowledge and skills were significantly promoted among residents in Meizhou City through the national health city project．