Abstract: ObjectiveTo analyze medical burden of injury among employed floating population in Guangdong Province in 2012.MethodsMultistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 12 special survey points of floating population in Guangdong Province in 2012. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the floating population aged l8-59 years and engaged in manufacturing industry, wholesale retail trade, accommodation and catering industry, social service, construction, and other industries. The investigation content included causes of injury, outpatient visits and hospitalization, medical expenditure, length of hospital stay, and recuperation time. ResultsOf 4 035 participants, 262 suffered from injuries for once and above, with an injury rate of 6.5% and standardized rate of 6.7%. A total of 314 injury events occurred, with an injury event rate of 7.78% and standardized injury event rate of 8.16%. About 32.7%（86/263）of the subjects with injury received medical treatment, of which 27.4％(72/263) attended outpatient visits and 5.3%(14/263) were hospitalized. The difference in the rates of receiving medical treatment with different causes of injuries was statistically significant (P<0.01). The average medical expenditure was 745 Yuan for outpatient visits and 13 258 Yuan for hospitalization. Median medical expenditure due to different injury causes ranking from highest to lowest was road traffic injury (4 000 Yuan), other injury causes (1 000 Yuan), blunt injury (550 Yuan), burns (385 Yuan), falls (300 Yuan), and knife/sharp injury (300 Yuan) in turn. ConclusionThe medical burden of injury among floating population in Guangdong Province was huge. The prevention and control of injury should be strengthened.