Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiology and drug resistance of nosocomial infections after orthopedic joint surgery, and to provide reference for clinical selection of reasonable antibacterial drugs. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the patient's medical records, surgical infection, infection site and etiological test results after orthopedic joint surgery in the medical record management information system of a hospital in Beijing. Results A total of 628 cases of nosocomial infection were found in 8 798 patients after orthopedic joint surgery, and the infection rate was 7.14%. The main infection sites were surgical incision, upper respiratory tract and urinary tract（78.82%）. A total of 645 strains of pathogens were detected in 628 patients with nosocomial infection, including 354 Gram-negative bacteria, 248 Gram-positive bacteria and 43 fungi. The main pathogens of nosocomial infection after orthopedic joint surgery were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis（68.99%）. The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to ampicillin and amikacin were both higher than 75%, and the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin were as high as 100%. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to erythromycin and penicillin G were both 100%. Conclusion Nosocomial infections after orthopedic joint surgery are not optimistic. The main pathogens are Gram-negative bacteria, and the resistance rate to ampicillin and ceftriaxone is relatively high. It is recommended that clinicians do a good job of pathogenic bacteria detection and drug sensitivity test in patients during perioperative period, and targeted application of antibiotics to minimize hospital infections after orthopedic joint surgery.

Key words: Orthopedic joint surgery, Nosocomial infection, Etiology, Drug resistance