Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle of the university students with hypertension in Shanghai. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select students with hypertension from three universities in Shanghai for questionnaire survey. The survey included the general situation of the respondents and the modified Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II).Data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis methods. Multiple linear regression model was used to determine the influencing factors of the total scores of health promotion. Result sA total of 582 university students with hypertension were investigated, including 184 from University A, 202 from University B, and 196 from University C. The average age of the respondents was (20.12 ± 1.63) years old. The male to female sex ratio was 3.41∶1. There were 232 participants in the first grade, 147 in the second grade, 165 in the third grade and 38 in the fourth grade. The majority of the subjects were Han nationality (550 cases; 94.5%). The total score of health promotion lifestyle of the university students with hypertension in Shanghai was (129.01 ± 21.02), and 312 cases were general, accounting for 54.6%. The scores of each dimension from low to high were exercise behavior (17.82 ± 4.84), health responsibility behavior (19.14 ± 5.30), stress management behavior (20.29 ± 4.30), dietary nutrition behavior (21.72 ± 4.45), self-realization (24.74 ± 4.67), and interpersonal relationship behavior (25.31 ± 4.72). The multiple linear regression equations showed that exposure to health promotion-related courses (standard regression coefficient [SRC] =0.226) and maternal education levels (SRC =0.335) could explain the variation of 19.7% of the total score of health promotion lifestyle. Conclusion sThe health promotion lifestyle of university students with hypertension in Shanghai was at a general level. The maternal education level and exposure to health promotion related courses were the main factors influencing health promotion lifestyle.

Objective To understand the current situation of knowledge, belief and practice of dietary control in patients with gout, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of intervention measures. Methods A survey was conducted to investigate the dietary control knowledge and practice in adult patients diagnosed with gout from January to June 2019 in Mianyang City. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine factors influencing scores of diearyt control knowledge and behavior. Result sA total of 267 patients with gout were surveyed in this study, with an average age of (45.31 ± 14.75) years. Of the participants, 91.0% were male, 97.0% were Han nationality, 56.2% had the educational level at college, and 37.8% had the monthly per capita income of households under 4,000 Yuan. The average score of the Knowledge Control Scale for gout patients was (141.03 ± 15.48) points, and the standard score was (76.23 ± 8.37). The average scores of knowledge, belief, and practice were (50.43 ± 5.37), (53.17 ± 6.18), and (37.43 ± 4.73), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the education level (standard regression coefficients [SRCs]: 0.007, 0.313, 0.180), the higher the knowledge, behavior, and total score. Compared with farmers, the teachers, medical staff, and civil servants (SRCs: 0.700, 0.677, 0.699) had higher knowledge scores. Patients who had received dietary suggestions (SRCs: 0.360, 0.431, 0.949) and knowledge of uric acid levels (SRCs: 0.264, 0.329, 0.152) had higher knowledge, beliefs and overall scores. The larger the BMI (SRCs: -0.012, -0.149), the lower the belief and behavior scores. Patients taking uric-acid-lowering drugs (SRCs: 0.362, 0.452, 0.256) had higher beliefs, behaviors, and overall scores. Conclusion The scores of the knowledge, belief, and practice of dietary control in gout patients were at a medium level, with a large gap between the different groups of gout patients. Relevant departments should take targeted interventions to prevent gout and improve the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To explore the current status of HIV/AIDS risk awareness among men who have sex with men (MSM) and explore its association with knowledge and high-risk sexual behavior. Methods MSM were sampled by snowball sampling method in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province to conduct a survey on HIV/AIDS-related risk awareness, knowledge and sexual behavior. Their venous blood was collected for HIV antibody and TP antibody testing. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to determine the association of risk cognition with knowledge and high-risk sexual behavior. Result sA total of 1 226 valid questionnaires were recovered. The average age of the respondents was (27.5 ± 9.0) years old. Of the participants, 87.9%(1078/1 226)had the educational level at high school or above, and 81.1%(994/1 226) were unmarried. The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge was 97.4% (1 194/1 226). In the past 6 months, 71.4% (802/1 123) of them took the anal sex protection, and the risk awareness rate was 94.6%(1 160/1 226). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that, compared with those without risk, MSM with HIVAIDS knowledge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR): 18.951; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.813 - 52.720] and with anal sex protection in the past 6 months (aOR:1.821), 95% CI:1.074~3.262) had a higher probability of risk perception. Conclusion MSM have certain risk awareness, which is associated with knowledge and high-risk sexual behavior. Knowledge plays an important role in promoting risk awareness.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with olfactory disorder and its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for making corresponding intervention measures. Methods Adult patients with CRS were selected from a hospital in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province in 2018 to conduct a questionnaire survey, T&T olfactory function test, serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) test, and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scoring. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors of CRS with dysosmia. Result sA total of, 340 patients with CRS were enrolled, with an average age of (45.73 ± 10.14) years. Of them, 45.88% aged 41-64 years, 65.00% were males, and 35.00% were females. The prevalence of CRS with olfactory disorder was 44.12%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the positive serum total IgE level (OR=1.526), ??Lund-Kennedy scores≥2 (OR=2.813), previous nasal surgery history (OR=1.504), asthma (OR=1.870), nasal polyps (OR=2.139), and aspirin intolerance (OR=1.317) were independent risk factors for the prevalence of CRS with dysosmia. Conclusion The prevalence of CRS with olfactory disorder in Fuxin City, ??Liaoning Province was at a high level. The risk factors included asthma, history of nasal surgery, nasal polyps, aspirin intolerance, positive serum total IgE level, and Lund-Kennedy score≥2,it is recommended to take appropriate interventions to reduce the prevalence of CRS with dysosmia.

Objective To analyze the breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination status in high-risk populations with breast disease, so as to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among patients with suspected breast diseases who had mammography in a hospital in Zhengzhou from June 2018 to May 2019. The survey contents included the general situation of the participants, breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination. The status of breast cancer awareness and self-examination of the group were analyzed, and the correlation analysis of the scores of each part of the awareness and self-examination status were conducted. Result sA total of 390 breast cancer patients at high risk by mammography were investigated in Zhengzhou. They were 18 to 65 years old. Of all the cases, 209(53.6%) were urban residents, 221(56.7%) had high school education or above, 349(89.5%) were married (with spouse), and 338(86.7%) had childbearing history. The total score of breast cancer awareness in high-risk breast cancer patients was (88.76 ± 8.40) and the total score of breast self-examination was (18.26 ± 2.11), both of which were at medium levels. The subjects aged 36 to 45 years, with high school education or above, working, living in urban area, and married had higher total breast cancer cognitive scores and total breast self-examination scores (all P <0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the status of breast self-examination was positively correlated with breast cancer awareness (all P <0.05). Conclusion The status of breast cancer awareness and self-examination were not optimistic, and the status of breast self-examination was positively correlated with the awareness of breast cancer. Targeted interventions should be taken to improve the awareness of breast cancer and the status of breast self-examination for early detection of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the self-perceived burden (SPB) in children aged 3-6 years with bronchial asthma and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Children aged 3 to 6 years with bronchial asthma and admitted to a hospital in Sichuan Province from March 2018 to August 2019 and their parents were enrolled in the study. A parental questionnaire survey was conducted, including the basic information of the children (age, gender, course of disease, number of hospitalizations) and family care status (parent age, gender, family economic status, educational level, medical conditions). Self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) was used to evaluate the SPB in children with asthma. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze factors influencing of SPB in children with tracheal asthma. Result sA total of 161 children aged 3 to 6 years with bronchial asthma and their parents were investigated. The boy to girl ratio was 1∶1.2. Of all the children, 70 (43.5%) were 3 to 4 years old, 91 (56.5%) were 5 to 6 years old, and the household income of 116 (72.0%) were from 30 000 to 140 000 Yuan. Of the parents, 125 (77.6%) were female, 125 (77.6%) were <45 years old, and 98 (60.9%) had high school or college education. The children's SPBS score was (26.62 ± 6.03). Of the cases, there were 41 (25.5%) with no-burden, 61 (37.8%) with mild-burden, 50 (31.1%) with moderate-burden, and 9 (5.6%) with severe-burden. Multivariate linear stepwise regression equation showed that the children with bronchial asthma who were older (standardized regression coefficient [SRC]=0.803), girls (SRC=0.213), hospitalized more times (SRC=0.073), and whose parents had history of illness (SRC=0.057) were more likely to have higher SPB scores, while the children with higher family income (SRC=-0.334) were more likely to have lower SPB scores. Conclusion Children aged 3-6 years with bronchial asthma had different levels of SPB and the proportion of mild and moderate SPBs were relatively high, which can be influenced by many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the psychological guidance and nursing for young children with bronchial asthma to alleviate the SPB in the children and prevent adverse events.

Objective To explore the effect of pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain of primiparas during pregnancy on neonatal weight. Methods Healthy primiparous pregnant women and their single live births without obstetric complications were recruited from a hospital in Harbin in 2018. Records of parturient examination and delivery were collected, a questionnaire survey on the parturients was conducted, and the parturient women were divided into groups based on the Chinese standard BMI for adults. Factors affecting the weight of newborn and effects of pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy on neonatal weight were analyzed. Result sIn this study, 826 healthy primiparas and their newborns were investigated. The average age of primiparas was (26.36 ± 4.21) years, the average BMI before pregnancy was (22.18 ± 3.15). Of the primiparas, 46.12% had the education level of college or above and 83.41% lived in the cities or towns. The average weight gain during pregnancy was (15.26 ± 4.12) kg, and the average gestational week was (38.83 ± 1.08) weeks. Of the 826 newborns, the male to female sex ratio was 1.15∶1,17 (2.1%) low birth weight, 748 (90.6%) normal birth weight, and 61 (7.4%) macrosomia. There were statistically significant differences in family income per month, pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy among pregnant women who gave birth to newborns (all P <0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of body weight of newborns with different weights before pregnancy and different weights during pregnancy (all P <0.01). Both the weight before pregnancy and the weight during pregnancy were positively correlated with the birth weight of the newborns (r =0.147, 0.239). Conclusion Pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy affected the birth weight of newborn, pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy were likely to increase the risk for macrosomic infant birth. Therefore, prenatal health education for primiparas should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the smoking behavior characteristics and related factors of young and middle-aged male patients with stroke in Zunyi, so as to provide reference for making intervention measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among young and middle-aged male smokers with stroke in a hospital in Zunyi City in 2018. The survey contents included general information (education, age, occupation, marital status, place of residence), smoking status (volume of cigarette smoked, smoking years), and the Nicotine Dependence Scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze influencing factors of smoking. Result sA total of 120 male young and middle-aged stroke patients were included in this study. Of the participants, the age was mainly 40 to 59 years old, accounting for 60.00%; the occupation was mainly manual labor, accounting for 58.33%; the marital status was mainly married, accounting for 70.00 %; nicotine dependence was mainly highly dependent, accounting for 45.00%; household income was mainly middle-income, accounting for 54.17%. The average smoking volume was (24.17 ± 4.01) cigarettes/day, 15 (12.5%) were mild smokers, 32(26.7%) moderate, and 73(60.8%) severe. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that the male young and middle-aged stroke patients who were older (OR=6.044), with the occupation of manual labor (OR=3.935), divorced (OR=4.007), and had higher nicotine dependence (OR =6.913) were more likely to smoke more cigarettes; while those with higher educational level (OR=0.420) were more likely to smoke less. Conclusion Young and middle-aged male patients with stroke in Zunyi smoked more. The risk factors for smoking were older age, manual labor, divorce, and high nicotine dependence. Relevant departments can make corresponding intervention measures according to the characteristics of this population to reduce the stroke risk.

Objective To investigate the caries and caries susceptibility of deciduous teeth among children aged 1-3 years in Chengdu. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to survey children aged 1-3 years who received child health care at five community health service centers in Chengdu from June 2018 to January 2019. The survey contents included questionnaires, oral examinations, and caries risk assessment. Result A total of 989 children aged 1 to 3 years were studied in 5 communities in Chengdu., There were 571 (57.74%) boys and 418(42.26%) girls. The average age was (2.01 ± 0.74) years. The annual household income was mainly 50 000 - 90 000 Yuan, accounting for 59.86%, and the feeding method within 6 months was mainly mixed feeding, accounting for 49.65%. There were 331 children with caries, the prevalence of caries was 33.47%, and the number of decayed, missing or filled tooth (dmft) was (2.19 ± 0.92). The filling rate was 7.01% (93 / 1 326). There were statistically significant differences in caries rate, dmft, dmfs value, and caries filling rate among children at different ages (all P<0.01). The difference in dental caries filling rate among children with different household incomes was statistically significant (P<0.01). The difference in caries rates among children with different feeding patterns within 6 months was statistically significant (P <0.01). The differences in caries rate and dmft among children with different caries risks were statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion The dental caries among children aged 1-3 years in Chengdu was very serious and the treatment rate was low. The caries susceptibility test can provide a scientific basis for clinical assessment of caries risk in young children and play an important role in guiding feeding and standardizing their oral hygiene behavior.