老年高血压人群自我管理行为现状及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2020.0486

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析≥60岁老年高血压患者自我管理行为现状及其相关因素,为制定提高高血压管理行为能力措施提供依据。方法以2019年7—11月阜新市某医院登记在册的所有确诊为高血压的≥60岁患者为研究对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括基本情况、慢性病自我管理研究测量表、高血压治疗依从性评价量表（TASHP）、中文版高血压健康素养量表（C-HBP-HLS）,采用描述流行病学分析方法进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对高血压自我管理行为得分进行分析。结果共纳入416例老年高血压患者,平均年龄（65.28 ± 2.04）岁,以60~70岁为主,占47.60%,男性占50.72%,女性占49.28%,病程以1~5年为主,占66.11%。自我管理行为总分为（42.68 ± 5.22）分,处于较低水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度（标准化偏回归系数：0.657）、人均可支配收入（标准化偏回归系数：0.682）、TASHP评分（标准化偏回归系数：0.749）、C-HBP-HLS评分（标准化偏回归系数：0.672）越高,自我管理行为得分越高。结论该地区老年高血压患者自我管理行为能力较差,健康素养、治疗依从性、文化程度、人均可支配收入是老年高血压患者自我管理行为的影响因素,早期采用有效干预知信行模式护理干预,对改善老年高血压患者自我管理行为具有一定价值。

关键词: 高血压, 自我管理, 健康素养, 影响因素, 护理干预

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of self-management behavior in patients aged over 60 years old with hypertension, so as to provide basis for formulating measures to improve the ability of hypertension management behavior. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among all patients aged over 60 years old who were diagnosed with hypertension in a hospital of Fuxin City from July to November 2019. The survey contents included basic information, Chronic Disease Self-Management Study Measures, Therapeutic Adherence Scale Hypertensive Patients（TASHP）,and High Blood Pressure-Health Literacy Scale into Chinese （C-HBP-HLS）. Descriptive epidemiological method was used for analysis, and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension self-management behavior score. Results A total of 416 elderly patients with hypertension were enrolled, with an average age of （65.28 ± 2.04） years old, and 60 - 70 years old patients accounted for 47.60%, males accounted for 50.72%, females accounted for 49.28%. The patients with course of disease 1-5 years accounted for 66.11%. The total score of self-management behavior was （42.68 ± 5.22）, which was at a low level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the education level （standardized partial regression coefficient： 0.657）, per capita disposable income （standardized partial regression coefficient： 0.682）, TASHP score （standardized partial regression coefficient： 0.749）, C-HBP-HLS score （standardized partial regression coefficient： 0.672）, the higher the score of self-management behavior. Conclusion The elderly patients with hypertension in this area have poor self-management behavior,and health literacy, treatment compliance, education level and per capita disposable income are the influencing factors. Early effective intervention is of great significance to improve it.

Key words: Hypertension, Self-management, Health literacy, Influencing factor, Nursing intervention

中图分类号:

R193

裴迎营, 蔡雪, 王学东. 老年高血压人群自我管理行为现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2020, 46(5): 486-489.

PEI Ying-ying, CAI Xue, WANG Xue-dong. Status and influencing factors of self-management behavior in elderly with hypertension[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020, 46(5): 486-489.

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