广州市越秀区托幼机构流感样病例暴发疫情经济负担评估和流感疫苗卫生经济学评价

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2021.1231

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的对广州市越秀区学龄前儿童的流感经济负担进行评估,并针对流感疫苗开展卫生经济学评价,为制定免疫规划策略提供依据。方法以广州市越秀区托幼机构2019年1—6月发生的9起流感样病例暴发疫情的患病儿童为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式开展经济负担评估,并以其中1起暴发疫情为基础建立SEIAR动力学模型,模拟不同接种策略下的疫情趋势,评价其经济学效益。结果患病儿童总经济负担人均1 293.56（95% UI:1 096.23~1 592.84）元,其中直接医疗费用人均422.56（95% UI:320.71~555.29）元,直接非医疗费用人均125.95（95% UI:82.41~188.80）元,间接经济损失人均797.03（95% UI:661.50~938.76）元。在流行季前接种1剂次三价流感疫苗,每投入226.19元,可减少1例流感病例,每投入1元,可获得5.72元效益;接种2剂次三价流感疫苗,每投入178.77元,可减少1例流感病例,每投入1元,可获得7.24元效益;接种四价流感疫苗,每投入315.83元,可减少1例流感病例,每投入1元,可获得4.10元效益。结论广州市越秀区托幼机构流感样病例暴发疫情经济负担较高,如在流行季前接种2剂次三价流感疫苗,可以获得正效益和最好的效益成本比。

关键词: 流感病毒, 经济负担, 动力学模型, 流感疫苗, 成本, 效益

Abstract: Objective To assess the economic burden of influenza among preschool children in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou, and to carry out health economic evaluation on influenza vaccine, so as to provide a basis for the development of immunization planning strategies. Methods Taking the sick children of 9 influenza like outbreaks in childcare settings of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou from January to June 2019 as the research object, the economic burden was assessed by questionnaire survey. Based on an outbreak, SEIAR dynamical model was established to simulate the epidemic trend under different vaccination strategies and evaluate its economic effect. Results The total economic burden of the sick children per capita was 1293.56 yuan （95% UI : 1 096.23-1 592.84）, including 422.56 （95% UI: 320.71-555.29） yuan for direct medical expenses per capita, 125.95 yuan （95% UI: 82.41-188.80） for direct non-medical expenses per capita and 797.03 yuan （95% UI: 661.50-938.76） for indirect economic losses per capita. According to the evaluation, one dose of trivalent influenza vaccine before the epidemic season could reduce one influenza case with an investment of 226.19 yuan, and a profit of 5.72 yuan could be obtained with an investment of 1 yuan; Two doses of trivalent influenza vaccine could reduce one influenza case with an investment of 178.77 yuan, and a profit of 7.24 yuan could be obtained with an investment of 1 yuan; One case of influenza could be reduced by 315.83 yuan for the vaccination of tetravalent influenza vaccine, and a profit of 4.10 yuan could be obtained with an investment of 1 yuan. Conclusion The economic burden of influenza like outbreaks in childcare settings in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou is relatively high, but two doses of trivalent influenza vaccine before the epidemic season can achieve positive benefits and the best cost-benefit ratio.

Key words: Influenza virus, Economic burden, Dynamical model, Influenza vaccine, Cost, Benefit

中图分类号:

R183.3

向蓥飞, 周德谦, 钟杰伟, 虞心阳, 陈维清. 广州市越秀区托幼机构流感样病例暴发疫情经济负担评估和流感疫苗卫生经济学评价[J]. 华南预防医学, 2021, 47(10): 1231-1235.

XIANG Ying-fei, ZHOU De-qian, ZHONG Jie-wei, YU Xin-yang, CHEN Wei-qing. Economic burden of influenza like outbreaks in childcare settings and health economic evaluation of influenza vaccines in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 47(10): 1231-1235.

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