关键词: 成年, 过敏性疾病, 过敏原, 特异性IgE

Abstract: Objective To analyze the allergen-specific IgE test results and allergen characteristics in adult patients diagnosed with allergic diseases. Methods Adult patients with confirmed allergic diseases who were tested for allergen-specific IgE in a hospital in Beijing from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 were taken as the research object, and the case characteristics and allergen situation were analyzed descriptively. Results The positive rates of allergen-specific IgE in the inhalation group and food group were 38.66% and 21.99%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The top 5 allergens in the inhalation group were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/Dermatophagoides farinae （D.p/D.f） （16.56%）, Artemisia argyi （15.92%）, House dust （10.97%）, Ragweed （7.29%） and Cockroach （6.39%）. The top 5 allergens in the food group were Cod/Lobster/Scallop （6.87%）, Soybean （5.64%）, Salmon/Perch/Carp （5.22%）, Crab （4.31%） and Shrimp （2.66%）, respectively. From August to October, the peak allergen-specific IgE positive rates of D.p/D.f and Artemisia argyi appeared in the inhalation group. From January to February, the peak allergen-specific IgE positive rates of Cod/Lobster/Scallop and Salmon/Perch/Carp appeared in the food group. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of serum allergen-specific IgE between different gender in both inhalation group and food group（all P>0.05）. In the inhalation group, except for Cockroaches, Dog epithelium and Mycosporium fumigatus/Aspergillus fumigatus/Alternaria alternata, the positive rates of allergen-specific IgE in young, middle-aged and old patients were significantly different （all P<0.05）. In the food group, there were no significant differences in the positive rates of allergen-specific IgE among young, middle-aged and old patients（all P>0.05）. Conclusion The main allergens of adult patients with allergic disease are inhalation allergens including D.p/D.f, Artemisia argyi, House dust, Ragweed, Cockroach, and food allergens including Cod/Lobster/Scallop, Soybean, Salmon/Perch/Carp. The differences of positive rates of allergen-specific IgE appear in different age groups and different time, but not gender.

Key words: Adult, Allergic disease, Allergen, Specific IgE