关键词: 胃癌, 认知, 初始症状, 诊治情况, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the cognition of early detection, early diagnosis and treatment and its influencing factors in the high-risk population of gastric cancer. Methods From January 1, 2020, to August 30, 2021, people aged ≥ 40 years old who had undergone physical examination and completed the determination of Hp by 13C-uBT method were recruited in the physical examination center of a tertiary hospital in Beijing. Hypertrophic gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, gastric ulcer, postoperative remnant stomach, and other high-risk factors for gastric cancer or first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients were selected as the subjects to conduct a questionnaire survey for cognition of early detection, early diagnosis and treatment. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the cognition of early detection, early diagnosis and treatment, and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 9 852 cases of the high-risk population for gastric cancer were included in this study. The age group was 40-76 years old, 35.48% were 60-76 years old, 62.51% were male, and 52.46% were urban residents. The proportion of college degrees and above was higher, accounting for 52.38%. The cognitive level of early detection, early diagnosis and treatment was generally low, with 5 052 cases （51.28%） of low-level, 1 910 cases （19.39%） of middle-level, and 2 890 cases （29.33%） of high-level. Among the risk factors of gastric cancer-related knowledge, the highest-scoring rate was irregular diet, with a scoring rate of 52.05%, followed by frequent eating of preserved food and smoked food, with scoring rates of 51.08% and 50.02%. The higher scoring rates of early warning symptoms were gastrointestinal hemorrhage and epigastric mass, which were 40.35% and 33.76% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that educational level （OR=3.165）, gender （OR=2.303）, family history of gastric cancer （OR=3.327）, the initial symptom of vomiting （OR=1.840） and abdominal pain （OR=2.445）, living location （OR=8.069）, and the time of the first visit to a medical institution with symptoms （OR=2.171） were the influencing factors for the cognitive level of early detection, early diagnosis and treatment of the high-risk population of gastric cancer. Conclusion The high-risk population of gastric cancer has an insufficient understanding of the risk factors of gastric cancer and the early diagnosis of related symptoms. The medical staff should carry out individualized guidance in combination with the different demographic characteristics of the risk population. The medical resources in rural areas still need to be strengthened, at the same time, we should reduce taking medicine without medical advice, improve the knowledge level of high-risk populations of gastric cancer, promote healthy behavior and reduce the risk of gastric cancer.

Key words: Gastric cancer, Cognition, Initial symptom, Diagnosis and treatment, Influence factor