商丘地区稳定期缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防知信行情况及影响因素研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0039

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析商丘地区缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防知信行情况以及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法选取2022年6月至2023年6月在商丘市2家医院确认并诊治的稳定期缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,调查其二级预防知信行情况,分析其影响因素。结果本研究共纳入调查稳定期缺血性脑卒中患者1 530例,有效调查病例为1 483例,病例年龄18~76岁,以≥61岁所占比例较高,男女性别比为1.328∶1。其中二级预防知识、信念、行为总均分依次为（30.03±5.88）、（40.63±7.62）、（38.73±8.22）分。多重线性回归分析显示,年龄（β′=0.184、0.115、0.187）、合并基础病（β′=0.253、0.266、0.221）、家族史（β′=0.195、0.071、0.204）、接受缺血性脑卒中宣传/讲座（β′=0.256、0.189、0.217）、社会支持（β′=0.319、0.613、0.375）是防治知识、信念、行为得分共同的影响因素（均P<0.05）;文化程度（β′=0.263、0.394）、婚姻状况（β′=0.152、0.148）、居住方式（β′=0.176、0.261）是预防防治知识、行为的影响因素（均P<0.05）;病程时间（β′=0.284）是防治信念的影响因素（P<0.05）;Pearson相关性分析显示,知识与信念（r=0.449）、知识与行为（r=0.621）、信念与行为（r=0.635）均存在明显正相关性（均P<0.05）。结论商丘地区稳定期缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防知信行水平普遍偏低,可通过年龄、合并基础病、家族史、接受缺血性脑卒中宣传/讲座、社会支持方面入手,采取积极措施,提高患者二级预防知信行情况。

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, 二级预防, 知识, 态度, 行为, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the knowledge, attitude, and practice of secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke in Shangqiu City, as well as their influencing factors. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select patients with stable ischemic stroke who were diagnosed and treated in two hospitals in Shangqiu City from June 2022 to June 2023 for this study. The knowledge, attitude, and practice of secondary prevention were investigated, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 1 530 patients with stable ischemic stroke were investigated, of which 1 483 were effectively investigated, aged 18-76 years old, with a higher proportion of ≥61 years old. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.328∶1. The total average scores of secondary prevention knowledge, attitude, and practice were （30.03±5.88）, （40.63±7.62）, and （38.73±8.22）, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age （β′= 0.184, 0.115, 0.187）, combined with underlying diseases （β′= 0.253, 0.266, 0.221）, family history of ischemic stroke （β′= 0.195, 0.071, 0.204）, receiving publicity/lectures on ischemic stroke （β′= 0.256, 0.189, 0.217）, social support （β′= 0.319, 0.613, 0.375）were the common influencing factors on the scores of prevention and control knowledge, attitude, and practice （all P <0.05）. Educational level （β′= 0.263, 0.394）, marital status （β′= 0.152, 0.148）, and resident manner （β′= 0.176, 0.261）were the influencing factors of prevention and control knowledge and practice （all P<0.05）. Disease duration （β′= 0.284）was the influencing factor of prevention and control attitude （P<0.05）. According to Pearson correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation （all P<0.05）between knowledge and attitude （r=0.449）, knowledge and practice （r=0.621）, and attitude and practice （r=0.635）. Conclusions The levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice of secondary prevention in patients with stable ischemic stroke in Shangqiu City are generally low. Active measures can be taken to improve the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice of secondary prevention in patients through age, complicated underlying diseases, family history of ischemic stroke, receiving publicity/lectures on ischemic stroke, and social support.

Key words: Ischemic stroke, Secondary prevention, Knowledge, attitude, and practice, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

刘春霞, 王春玉, 范洁, 田冬梅, 汪晶晶, 袁艳华. 商丘地区稳定期缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防知信行情况及影响因素研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(1): 39-44.

LIU Chunxia, WANG Chunyu, FAN Jie, TIAN Dongmei, WANG Jingjing, YUAN Yanhua. Knowledge,attitude,and practice of secondary prevention and their influencing factors in patients with stable ischemic stroke in Shangqiu City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(1): 39-44.

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