关键词: 膳食模式, 健康饮食, 冠心病, 高危人群

Abstract: Objective To explore the various dietary patterns of permanent residents in Yuncheng City and their impact on high-risk groups for coronary heart disease (CHD), and to provide a scientific basis for reducing the risk of CHD in local residents from the perspective of dietary patterns. Methods Permanent residents of Yuncheng City were selected as study subjects using a phased random sampling method. Relevant data from the participants were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The food frequency method was employed for dietary assessment, while the Framingham risk score was utilized to estimate the risk of CHD over the next 10 years. Dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis, and the relationship between these dietary patterns and the risk of CHD was examined using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results A total of 2 037 residents were included in the study, among them 526 were identified as high-risk groups for CHD, accounting for 25.82%. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns in Yuncheng City: traditional pattern, meat pattern, starch pattern, and dairy-egg-fruit pattern. After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis showed that a high score in the meat pattern (Q4, OR=1.835, 95% CI: 1.329-3.224) and a high score in the dairy-egg-fruit pattern (Q4, OR=0.671, 95% CI: 0.329-0.871) were associated with being at high risk for CHD (both P<0.01). Conclusion Dietary patterns are closely related to the risk of CHD in Yuncheng City, and it is necessary to advocate for a reasonable and healthy diet among residents to improve the occurrence and development of CHD.

Key words: Dietary pattern, Healthy diet, Coronary heart disease, High-risk group