安阳市40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危人群调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0534

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨安阳市40~79岁人群心血管疾病高危人群现状,并调查相关危险因素。方法于2019年1月至2021年1月采用整群抽样法在安阳市4个区各随机选取1个常住人口≥1 000人的社区,将该社区内的40~79岁常住居民作为调查对象进行心血管疾病高危因素相关筛查的问卷调查及血生化指标检测,参照《中国心血管病预防指南（2017）》及《超高危动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病患者血脂管理中国专家共识》对居民进行心血管疾病高危情况评估,采用描述性分析方法对居民心血管疾病高危情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对高危因素检出情况进行分析。结果本研究共对3 150名安阳市40~79岁常住居民进行研究,男性1 597人,占50.70%,女性1 553人,占49.30%,平均年龄（64.02±6.31）岁。检出心血管疾病高危670例,检出率21.27%,其中病史型高危268例,风险评估型高危402例。多因素分析结果显示,男性（OR=2.221）、年龄为60~69岁（OR=3.221）、年龄为70~79岁（OR=4.521）、BMI为24.0~27.9 kg/m²（OR=2.698）、BMI为≥28.0 kg/m² （OR=2.845）、高血压病（OR=4.654）、LDL-C异常（OR=2.331）是安阳市40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危的影响因素。结论安阳市40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危检出率较高,尤其受性别、年龄、高血压等因素影响,需要针对上述重点高危人群广泛开展心血管疾病防控的健康教育,积极倡导文明健康生活方式,遏制心血管疾病的发病率、复发率及死亡率的上升。

关键词: 中老年人群, 社区居民, 心血管疾病, 高危, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease among residents aged 40-79 years in Anyang City, and investigate the related risk factors. Methods From January 2019 to January 2021, a community with a permanent population of ≥ 1 000 people was randomly selected in each of the four districts of Anyang City by cluster sampling method. Residents aged 40-79 years in the community were selected as the survey subjects to conduct a questionnaire survey and blood biochemical index detection related to the screening of high-risk factors of cardiovascular disease. According to the Chinese Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention （2017） and The Chinese Expert Consensus on Blood Lipid Management of Patients with Ultra-High Risk Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, residents were evaluated for a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The risk of cardiovascular disease was analyzed by descriptive analysis, and the detection of high-risk factors was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 3 150 permanent residents aged 40-79 years in Anyang City were included in this study. There were 1 597 males, accounting for 50.70%, and 1 553 females, accounting for 49.30%, with an average age of （64.02±6.31） years. A total of 670 high-risk cases of cardiovascular disease were detected, with a detection rate of 21.27%, including 268 high-risk cases of medical history and 402 high-risk cases of risk assessment. The results of multivariate analysis showed that males （OR=2.221）, aged 60-69 years （OR=3.221）, aged 70-79 years （OR=4.521）, body mass index （BMI） was 24.0-27.9 kg/m² （OR=2.698）, BMI ≥28.0 kg/m² （OR=2.845）, hypertension （OR=4.654）,abnormal LDL-C （OR=2.331） were the high-risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among residents aged 40-79 years in Anyang City. Conclusion The high-risk detection rate of cardiovascular disease in residents aged 40-79 years in Anyang City is relatively high, especially affected by factors such as gender, age, hypertension, etc. It is necessary to carry out extensive health education on cardiovascular disease prevention and control for the above-mentioned key high-risk groups, and actively advocate civilized healthy lifestyles to curb the rise in morbidity, recurrence, and mortality from cardiovascular disease.

Key words: Middle-aged and elderly, Community residents, Cardiovascular diseases, High risk, Risk factor

中图分类号:

R195

王波, 丁敬艳, 刘新华, 王铭娥. 安阳市40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危人群调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(5): 534-538.

WANG Bo, DING Jing-yan, LIU Xin-hua, WANG Ming-e. Investigation of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease among residents aged 40-79 years in Anyang City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(5): 534-538.

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