2015—2017年广州市番禺区大气PM2.5污染对某医院儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响

doi:10.13217/j.scjpm.2019.0124

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨广州市番禺区大气PM_2.5对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响。方法通过医院信息系统收集广州市番禺区某医院2015—2017年儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量资料,同时通过广州市环保局收集同期环保资料,通过中国气象数据网收集同期气象资料,采用Spearman相关分析、时间序列广义相加模型（GAM）分析大气PM_2.5浓度与同期医院儿科呼吸系统疾病门诊就诊量的关系。结果 Spearman相关分析结果显示,儿科呼吸系统疾病门诊量与PM_2.5浓度呈正相关（r=0.16, P<0.05）。时间序列分析结果显示,儿科呼吸系统疾病门诊量在滞后3~5 d均有显著性增加效应（P<0.05）,滞后第4天PM_2.5浓度对呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响最强,PM_2.5浓度每增加10 μg/m³,呼吸系统疾病门诊量增加0.72%（95%CI：0.22%~1.23%）。结论 2015—2017年广州市番禺区大气PM_2.5污染对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量有显著影响,且存在滞后效应,PM_2.5浓度增加会导致儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量增加。

关键词: PM_2.5, 时间序列研究, 儿童, 呼吸道疾病

Abstract: Objective To examine the effect of ambient PM_2.5 on daily outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases in Panyu District, Guangzhou. Methods Data on daily outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases from 2015 to 2017 were collected from a hospital in Panyu District though the hospital information system. Meanwhile, environmental quality data were collected from the Guangzhou Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau and meteorological data were collected from the China Meteorological Data Service Center. The Spearman correlation analysis and the time-series analysis with generalized additive model （GAM） were applied to analyze the association between the ambient PM_2.5 concentration and outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases during the same period. Results The Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant association between PM_2.5 concentration and the outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases （r=0.16, P<0.05）.The GAM model indicated that the effect of PM_2.5 on daily outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases was observed in lag 3 to 5 days（P<0.05）, and the effect was greatest in lag4. An increment of 10 μg/m³ in concentration of PM_2.5was associated with an increment in the hospital outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases by 0.72%（ 95% CI： 0.22%-1.23%） . Conclusion Ambient PM_2.5 pollution affected the daily outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases significantly, with a lag effect in Panyu District from 2015 to 2017. The increase of PM_2.5 concentration would lead to the increase of outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases.

Key words: PM_2.5, Time series study, Children, Respiratory disease

中图分类号:

R122.7

王晓捷, 彭燕云, 邓伟均, 王维平, 王星力. 2015—2017年广州市番禺区大气PM_2.5污染对某医院儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响[J]. 华南预防医学, 2019, 45(2): 124-127.

WANG Xiao-jie, PENG Yan-yun, DENG Wei-jun, WANG Wei-ping, WANG Xing-li. Effect of PM_2.5 concentration on outpatient visits of children with respiratory diseases in a hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, 2015 - 2017[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2019, 45(2): 124-127.

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