关键词: 近视, 学龄期儿童, 家族史, 用眼行为

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of myopia among school-age children in Mengcheng region and analyze its influencing factors. Methods In March 2023, stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select students from grades 2 to 6 in two primary schools in Mengcheng County （three classes in each grade） for this study. Vision screening was conducted by far vision and refractive examination, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on the factors affecting myopia. The status of myopia of school-age children in Mengcheng region was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis, and the influencing factors of myopia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results This study conducted a questionnaire survey and visual acuity examination on 1 675 students in grades 2 to 6, aged 7-12 years, with an average age of （9.63±1.71） years, including 829 boys and 846 girls. A total of 645 cases of myopia were screened, the myopia rate was 38.51% （645/1 675）, of which 354 cases were mild myopia, accounting for 54.88%, 232 cases were moderate myopia, accounting for 35.97%, and 59 cases were severe myopia, accounting for 9.15%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that girls （OR=1.412）, parental myopia （OR=1.990, 6.683）, residing in urban areas （OR=1.810）, reading electronic products or books while lying/walking/driving （OR=4.179）, watching electronic devices with the lights off （OR=3.274）, parents with supervision and reminders （OR=0.516）, screen time （OR=8.348）, daily outdoor activity time （OR=5.867）, smoking exposure （OR=2.539）, the frequency of class seat exchange （OR=0.489）, and participation in extracurricular interest classes （OR=7.264） were influencing factors for the occurrence of myopia among school-age children in Mengcheng region. Conclusions The status of myopia among school-age children in Mengcheng region is not optimistic, and girls, parental myopia, place of residence, bad eye habits, parental reminders, screen time, daily outdoor activity time, smoking exposure, frequency of class seat changes, and participation in extracurricular interest classes are influencing factors for myopia. Prevention and screening should be strengthened based on various factors to reduce the incidence of myopia.

Key words: Myopia, School-age children, Family history, Eye use behavior