北京市石景山区40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危情况调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析北京市石景山区40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危人群检出情况及高危特征,为防治心血管疾病提供科学依据。方法 2021年3—7月采用方便抽样方法随机抽取北京市石景山区3个社区,对抽中社区的所有40~79岁常住居民进行调查,内容包括问卷调查、体格检查及血生化指标检测,按照《中国心血管病风险评估和管理指南》中相关标准对居民进行高危人群判定,采用描述流行病学分析方法对居民心血管病高危情况及影响因素进行分析。结果获得有效人数4 172人,男性2 168人,女性2 004人,以60~69岁居民所占比例最高（38.11%）。筛查出心血管疾病高危人群429例,检出率为10.28%。男性高危率（13.19%）高于女性（7.14%）,年龄越大、BMI≥28.0 kg/m²、生活方式与饮食习惯健康行为越差的居民高危率越高。429例心血管疾病高危人群中,血压高型高危186例（43.36%）,血脂异常型高危141例（32.87%）,心血管病史型高危93例（21.68%）,患病风险≥20%型高危125例（29.14%）;1种高危344例（80.19%）,2种高危54例（12.59%）,3种高危31例（7.23%）。性别、年龄、BMI、生活方式与饮食习惯健康行为情况不同的石景山区居民心血管疾病高危检出率差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。结论北京市石景山区40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危检出率较高。性别、年龄、BMI、生活方式与饮食习惯健康行为的检出率存在显著相关性,且高危型分布情况不同,应针对具体情况加强高危筛查与预防干预,降低心血管病发生风险。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 居民, 高危人群, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the detection and characteristics of high-risk population of cardiovascular disease aged 40-79 years in Shijingshan District,Beijing, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Methods From March to July 2021, 3 communities in Shijingshan District were randomly selected by convenient sampling method. All permanent residents aged 40-79 years in the selected communities were investigated, including questionnaire survey, physical examination and blood biochemical index test. The residents were judged as high-risk population according to the relevant standards in “Guidelines for Risk Assessment and Management of Vascular Diseases”. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the high risk of cardiovascular disease and its influencing factors. Results A total of 4 172 people were effectively investigated, including 2 168 men and 2 004 women. The proportion of residents aged 60-69 years was the highest, accounting for 38.11%. Four hundred and twenty-nine cases with high risk of cardiovascular disease were screened, and the detection rate was 10.28%. The high-risk rate of men （13.19%） was higher than that of women （7.14%）. The older the residents, the body mass index （BMI） ≥28.0 kg/m², the worse the lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors, the higher the risk. Among the 429 high-risk population, 186 cases （43.36%） were high risk with high blood pressure, 141 cases （32.87%） were high risk with dyslipidemia, 93 cases （21.68%） were high risk with cardiovascular history, and 125 cases （29.14%） were high risk with disease risk ≥20%. Three hundred and forty-four cases （80.19%） for one type of high risk, 54 cases （12.59%） for two types of high risk, and 31 cases （7.23%） for three types of high risk. There were statistically significant differences in the high-risk detection rates of cardiovascular disease among residents in Shijingshan District with different gender, age, BMI, lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors （all P<0.01）. Conclusion The high-risk detection rate of cardiovascular disease among residents aged 40-79 years in Shijingshan District, Beijing is relatively high. There are significant differences in the detection rate of gender, age, BMI, lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors, and the distribution of high-risk types is different. High risk screening and prevention interventions should be strengthened according to specific conditions to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Key words: Cardiovascular disease, Residents, High-risk population, Risk factor

中图分类号:

R195

许志萍, 张柳, 冯静, 常兴. 北京市石景山区40~79岁居民心血管疾病高危情况调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(1): 15-18.

XU Zhi-Ping, ZHANG Liu, FENG Jing, CHANG Xing. Investigation on high risk of cardiovascular disease among residents aged 40-79 years in Shijingshan District, Beijing[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(1): 15-18.

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