郑州地区孕妇铁营养状况及其影响因素调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0560

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨郑州地区孕妇铁营养状况及其影响因素。方法以2021年4—8月在郑州市某三家医院建立健康档案并进行孕期体检的孕妇作为研究对象进行问卷调查及铁营养状况检测,采用描述流行病学方法对孕妇铁营养状态进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对孕妇铁缺乏状况影响因素进行分析。结果共有3 258例孕妇参与本次研究,其中妊娠早期989例,占30.36%,妊娠中期1 125例,占34.53%,妊娠晚期1 144例,占35.11%。在3 258名孕妇中,共有773例为铁缺乏,铁缺乏的检出率为23.73%。多因素分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁（OR=2.726）、处于妊娠的中期或晚期（OR=3.037,3.438）、月经初潮年龄<13岁（OR=2.432）、经产妇（OR=3.493）、流产次数≥3次（OR=2.648）、孕前月经量≥100 mL/次（OR=2.420）、文化程度为初中及以上（OR=0.517,0.459）、居住在农村（OR=3.684）、家庭月收入>3 000元及以上（OR=0.601,0.542）、居住房屋装修时间<1年（OR=6.449）、罹患消化系统疾病（OR=4.716）、有营养补齐剂摄入（OR=0.355）是孕妇铁缺乏的影响因素。结论郑州市孕妇铁缺乏检出率较高,需要尽早给予针对性的干预。部分因素被确定为该地区孕妇人群发生铁元素缺乏的影响因素,可选择性的对其中危险因素给予干预。

关键词: 孕妇, 铁元素, 造血功能, 妊娠期, 缺铁性贫血, 营养状况

Abstract: Objective To explore the iron nutritional status and its influencing factors of pregnant women in Zhengzhou area. Methods From April to August 2021, pregnant women who established health records and underwent pregnancy physical examinations in three hospitals in Zhengzhou were selected as the research subjects to carry out questionnaires and iron nutritional status detection. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the iron nutritional status of pregnant women, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women. Results A total of 3 258 pregnant women participated in this study, including 989 cases in the early trimester, accounting for 30.36%, 1 125 cases in the mid trimester, accounting for 34.53%, and 1 144 cases in the late trimester, accounting for 35.11%. Among 3 258 pregnant women, a total of 773 cases were iron deficiency, and the detection rate was 23.73%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that age ≥35 years old （OR=2.726）, mid or late pregnancy （OR=3.037, 3.438）, age at menarche <13 years old （OR=2.432）, multiparous women （OR=3.493）, the number of miscarriages ≥3 times （OR=2.648）, the menstrual flow before pregnancy ≥100 mL/time （OR=2.420）, the education level of junior high school and above （OR=0.517, 0.459）, living in the countryside （OR=3.684）, the monthly family income>3 000 yuan and above （OR=0.601, 0.542）, decoration time of living house<1 year （OR=6.449）, suffering from digestive system diseases （OR=4.716）, and intake of nutritional supplements （OR=0.355） were influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women. Conclusion The detection rate of iron deficiency in pregnant women in Zhengzhou is relatively high. Targeted intervention is needed as soon as possible. Some factors are identified as the influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women in this area, and some of them can be selectively intervened.

Key words: Pregnant woman, Iron element, Hematopoietic function, Pregnancy, Iron-deficiency anemia, Nutritional status

中图分类号:

R173

杨文博, 王莹莹, 叶秀秀. 郑州地区孕妇铁营养状况及其影响因素调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(5): 560-563.

YANG Wen-bo, WANG Ying-ying, YE Xiu-xiu. Iron nutritional status and its influencing factors of pregnant women in Zhengzhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(5): 560-563.

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