青少年失眠、食物成瘾在家庭亲密度与青少年抑郁间中介效应

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0538

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解睡眠质量和食物成瘾作用于家庭环境与青少年抑郁关系的单独和联合中介效应,为青少年抑郁干预方案的制定提供依据。方法于2022年9—12月采用分层随机整群抽样在江苏省宜兴市小学四年级到高三学生中选取青少年,采用网络自助式监测系统,用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简版、家庭环境量表、失眠严重程度量表、耶鲁食物成瘾量表等对青少年进行调查,构建中介效应模型分析食物成瘾、失眠在抑郁与家庭亲密度间的中介作用。结果 4 180名中小学生中,男生2 141名（51.2%）,女生2 039名（48.8%）;小学生1 154名（27.6%）,初中生1 644名（39.3%）,高中生1 382名（33.1%）。抑郁发生率为16.6%。家庭低亲密度、中亲密度、高亲密度的学生分别有414名（9.9%）、1 398名（33.44%）、2 368名（56.65%）。失眠发生率为13.8%。食物成瘾发生率为7.7%。中介效应模型结果显示,失眠（中介效应值为-0.747,95% CI：-0.841~-0.659,中介效应占比为39.1%）和食物成瘾（中介效应值为-0.098,95% CI：-0.139~-0.070,中介效应占比为5.1%）构成单独中介效应;失眠和食物成瘾（中介效应值为-0.064,95%CI：-0.091~-0.043,中介效应占比为3.3%）构成链式中介效应。结论家庭亲密度可以直接对青少年抑郁产生影响,也可以通过失眠、食物成瘾的作用间接影响青少年抑郁的产生。

关键词: 青少年, 抑郁, 失眠, 食物成瘾, 家庭亲密度, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To explore the independent and combined mediating effects of sleep quality and food addiction on the relationship between family environment and adolescent depression, providing evidence for the development of intervention strategies for adolescent depression. Methods From September to December 2022, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select adolescents from grades 4 to 12 in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. An online self-administered monitoring system was employed to survey adolescents using the Depression-anxiety-stress Scale (short version), Family Environment Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, and Yale Food Addiction Scale. Mediation models were constructed to analyze the mediating roles of insomnia and food addiction between family intimacy and depression. Results Among 4 180 students, 2 141 (51.2%) were male and 2 039 (48.8%) were female. The distribution across educational levels was 1 154 (27.6%) primary school students, 1 644 (39.3%) middle school students, and 1 382 (33.1%) high school students. The prevalence of depression was 16.6%. Students with low, moderate, and high family intimacy accounted for 414 (9.9%), 1 398 (33.44%), and 2 368 (56.65%), respectively. The prevalence of insomnia was 13.8%, and the prevalence of food addiction was 7.7%. Mediation model results showed that insomnia (mediating effect: -0.747, 95% CI: -0.841 - -0.659, accounting for 39.1% of the total effect) and food addiction (mediating effect: -0.098, 95% CI: -0.139 - -0.070, accounting for 5.1% of the total effect) had independent mediating effects. Additionally, insomnia and food addiction had a chain-mediated effect (mediating effect: -0.064, 95% CI: -0.091 to -0.043, accounting for 3.3% of the total effect). Conclusion Family intimacy directly affects adolescent depression and indirectly influences its development through the mediation of insomnia and food addiction.

Key words: Adolescent, Depression, Insomnia, Food addiction, Family intimacy, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R179

杨亚明, 李敏辉, 张徐军, 杨婕, 王菲, 王欣, 杨文漪, 王洋, 肖月. 青少年失眠、食物成瘾在家庭亲密度与青少年抑郁间中介效应[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(5): 538-543.

YANG Yaming, LI Minhui, ZHANG Xujun, YANG Jie, WANG Fei, WANG Xin, YANG Wenyi, WANG Yang, XIAO Yue. The mediating effects of adolescent insomnia and food addiction between family intimacy and adolescent depression[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(5): 538-543.

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