华南预防医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 422-426.doi: 10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0422

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

秦皇岛地区支气管哮喘青少年生存质量现状调查分析

全立元1, 张丽君2, 黄伟1   

  1. 1.秦皇岛市第一医院,河北 秦皇岛 066000;
    2.河北省儿童医院
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-26 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 黄伟,E-mail:hw8484@sina.com
  • 作者简介:全立元(1981—),女,硕士研究生,护师,研究方向:内科学
  • 基金资助:
    秦皇岛市重点研发计划(201902A145); 2019年度河北省医学科学研究课题计划项目(20190849)

Current status of quality of life among adolescents with bronchial asthma in Qinhuangdao

QUAN Liyuan1, ZHANG Lijun2, HUANG Wei1   

  1. 1. First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China;
    2. Hebei Children's Hospital
  • Received:2024-09-26 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-05-26

摘要: 目的 分析秦皇岛地区支气管哮喘青少年病例的生存质量现状及其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样法选取2022年1月至2024年4月在秦皇岛1家医院就诊的支气管哮喘青少年为研究对象,进行生存质量[儿科哮喘生存质量量表(PAQLQ)]的问卷调查,采用描述性分析方法对调查结果进行分析,并采用多重线性回归分析方法分析支气管哮喘青少年生存质量的影响因素。结果 本研究共纳入472例支气管哮喘青少年,PAQLQ评分为(126.25±13.24)分,其中症状评分为(49.47±5.12)分,活动评分为(29.12±3.25)分,情感评分为(47.66±5.06)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,缺课情况(β'=0.658)、主要照顾者吸烟史(β'=0.428)、哮喘家族史(β'=0.577)、哮喘控制情况(β'=0.512)、用药依从性(β'=0.561)、焦虑(β'=-0.628)、抑郁(β'=-0.678)及社会支持情况(β'=0.362)是支气管哮喘青少年生存质量的独立影响因素(均P<0.01)。结论 秦皇岛地区支气管哮喘青少年生存质量较差,其影响因素包括缺课情况、家庭有吸烟者、哮喘家族史、哮喘控制情况、用药依从性、焦虑、抑郁状态及社会支持情况,建议根据相关因素进行针对性评估与干预以改善其生存质量。

关键词: 支气管哮喘, 青少年, 生存质量, 现状, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the current status of quality of life and its influencing factors among adolescents with bronchial asthma in Qinhuangdao. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select adolescents with bronchial asthma who visited a hospital in Qinhuangdao between January 2022 and April 2024. Quality of life was assessed using the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ), and descriptive analysis was performed on the survey results. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing quality of life in these adolescents. Results A total of 472 adolescents with bronchial asthma were included. The mean PAQLQ score was (126.25±13.24), with subscale scores of (49.47±5.12) (symptoms), (29.12±3.25) (activities), and (47.66±5.06) (emotions). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that school absenteeism (β'=0.658), caregiver smoking history (β'=0.428), family history of asthma (β'=0.577), asthma control status (β'=0.512), medication adherence (β'=0.561), anxiety (β'=-0.628), depression (β'=-0.678), and social support (β'=0.362) were independent influencing factors of quality of life (all P<0.01). Conclusions Adolescents with bronchial asthma in Qinhuangdao have poor quality of life, influenced by factors such as school absenteeism, caregiver smoking, family history of asthma, asthma control, medication adherence, anxiety, depression, and social support. Targeted assessments and interventions based on these factors are recommended to improve their quality of life.

Key words: Bronchial asthma, Adolescent, Quality of life, Current status, Influencing factors

中图分类号: 

  • R179