职业人群视疲劳现状及影响因素调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0544

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究职业人群视疲劳现状,分析影响职业人群视疲劳的相关因素,为职业人群制定针对性的视疲劳预防与治疗策略提供参考。方法于2023年1月至2024年6月采用便利抽样方法选择北京市2家医院接受视力检查的职业人群为研究对象,评估不同人口特征职业人群的视疲劳发生率;多因素logistic回归分析法分析影响职业人群视疲劳的相关因素。结果职业人群的视疲劳发生率为61.84%（329/532）。年龄≥30 岁（其中30~<40岁OR=1.397,40~<50岁OR=1.449,50~60岁OR=1.474）,职业为IT从业者（OR=2.408）、司机（OR=2.179）,工作性质为中强度用眼（OR=1.511）、高强度用眼（OR=1.622）,近视（其中<1年OR=1.118,1~<3年OR=1.136,≥3年OR=1.178）,电子设备使用时间≥5 h（其中5~10 h OR=1.710,>10 h OR=1.946）,在昏暗环境下使用电子设备（OR=1.902）,户外活动时间≤3 h（其中2~3 h OR=1.493,<2 h OR=1.571）,睡眠时间<8 h（OR=1.264）是视疲劳发生的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论职业人群的视疲劳发生率较高;年龄、职业类型、工作性质、长期近视、不良用眼行为、户外活动及睡眠等生活方式是影响职业人群视疲劳发生的相关因素。

关键词: 职业人群, 视疲劳, 影响因素, 用眼行为, 生活方式

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of visual fatigue among occupational populations and analyze its associated risk factors, thereby providing evidence for targeted prevention and treatment strategies. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to June 2024 using convenience sampling to recruit occupational individuals undergoing vision examinations at two hospitals in Beijing. The prevalence of visual fatigue across different demographic groups was evaluated, and multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify significant risk factors. Results The prevalence of visual fatigue among the occupational population was 61.84% (329/532). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥30 years (30-<40 years: OR=1.397; 40-<50 years: OR=1.449; 50-60 years: OR=1.474), occupations such as IT professionals (OR=2.408) and drivers (OR=2.179), moderate (OR=1.511) and high-intensity (OR=1.622) visual workload, duration of myopia (<1 year: OR=1.118; 1-<3 years: OR=1.136; ≥3 years: OR=1.178), prolonged electronic device use (5-10 h: OR=1.710; >10 h: OR=1.946), screen use in dim lighting (OR=1.902), limited outdoor activity (2-3 h: OR=1.493; <2 h: OR=1.571), and insufficient sleep (<8 h: OR=1.264) were significant risk factors for visual fatigue (all P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of visual fatigue is notably high among occupational groups. Age, occupation type, visual workload, prolonged myopia, poor visual habits, and lifestyle factors such as limited outdoor activity and inadequate sleep contribute to the development of visual fatigue. Targeted interventions should address these modifiable risk factors to mitigate visual fatigue in occupational settings.

Key words: Occupational population, Visual fatigue, Risk factors, Visual behavior, Lifestyle

中图分类号:

R194.3

李丽婷, 祁海燕, 冷非. 职业人群视疲劳现状及影响因素调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(5): 544-548.

LI Liting, QI Haiyan, LENG Fei. Prevalence and risk factors of visual fatigue among occupational populations[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(5): 544-548.

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