华南预防医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 160-164.doi: 10.12183/j.scjpm.2026.0160

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国中老年高血压、高血糖、血脂异常人群住院服务利用影响因素研究

郝秀梅1, 王宁1, 韩鹏2, 段曦3, 黄金明3, 徐静雅4   

  1. 1.山东省卫生健康宣传教育中心,山东 济南 250002;
    2.淄博市疾病预防控制中心;
    3.山东省疾病预防控制中心;
    4.山东第一医科大学附属省立医院
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 黄金明,E-mail:hjm1023@163.com
  • 作者简介:郝秀梅(1972—),女,大学本科,副研究员,研究方向为公共卫生服务管理
  • 基金资助:
    山东省卫生健康委中医药科技重点项目(Z-2022072); 山东省卫生健康委公共卫生体系建设研究项目(GWY202349)

A study on the influencing factors of inpatient service utilization among middle-aged and elderly individuals with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia in China

Hao Xiumei1, Wang Ning1, Han Peng2, Duan Xi3, Huang Jinming3, Xu Jingya4   

  1. 1. Health Publicity and Education Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China;
    2. Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
    3. Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
    4. Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
  • Received:2025-03-13 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-03-17

摘要: 目的 探究我国中老年高血压、高血糖、血脂异常人群住院服务利用现状,分析影响因素。方法 基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,筛选出≥45岁且至少罹患高血压、高血糖或血脂异常中任一疾病的居民。结合Anderson健康行为模型,采用二分类logistic回归分析我国中老年“三高”人群住院服务利用的影响因素。结果 8 227例中老年“三高”人群中,1 919例(23.33%)过去1年利用过住院服务。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(≥65岁OR=1.336)、医保类型(城乡居民OR=0.757;其它/无医保OR=0.676)、“三高”患病数量(2种OR=1.287;3种OR=1.892)、ADL(受损OR=1.387)、IADL(受损OR=1.410)、抑郁状况(有OR=1.248)、疼痛感受(有OR=1.481)、体检服务利用(利用OR=1.225)、午睡时长(60~<120 min OR=1.230;≥120 min OR=1.266)、饮酒(OR=0.780)是我国中老年“三高”人群住院服务利用的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 我国中老年“三高”人群住院服务利用率较低,年龄、医保类型、“三高”患病数量、ADL、IADL、抑郁状况、疼痛感受、体检服务利用、午睡时长、是否饮酒是我国中老年“三高”人群住院服务利用的影响因素。建议多措并举,切实提高“三高”人群健康管理水平。

关键词: 高血压, 高血糖, 血脂异常, 住院服务利用, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status and analyze the influencing factors of inpatient service utilization among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Methods Based on data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), residents aged ≥45 years who were diagnosed with at least one of the following conditions—hypertension, hyperglycemia, or dyslipidemia—were selected for this study. Employing the Andersen Health Behavior Model, a binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the determinants of inpatient service utilization within this "three-highs" population. Results Among the 8 227 middle-aged and elderly individuals with at least one of the "three-highs", 1 919 (23.33%) had utilized inpatient services in the preceding year. The logistic regression analysis revealed that several factors were significantly associated with inpatient service utilization (P<0.05). These included age (≥65 years OR=1.336), type of medical insurance (Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance OR=0.757; Other/No Insurance OR=0.676), number of "three-highs" conditions (2 conditions: OR=1.287; 3 conditions: OR=1.892), limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (Yes OR=1.387), limitations in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) (Yes OR=1.410), depressive symptoms (Present OR=1.248), presence of pain (Present OR=1.481), utilization of physical examination services (Utilized OR=1.225), duration of midday napping (60 to <120 min OR=1.230; ≥120 min OR=1.266), and alcohol consumption (OR=0.780). Conclusion The utilization rate of inpatient services among the middle-aged and elderly population with "three-highs" in China is relatively low. The primary influencing factors include age, type of medical insurance, number of comorbidities, ADL and IADL limitations, depressive symptoms, presence of pain, utilization of physical examinations, midday nap duration, and alcohol consumption. It is recommended that multifaceted interventions be implemented to effectively enhance the health management level of this population.

Key words: Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, Inpatient services utilization, Influencing factors

中图分类号: 

  • R195.4