Abstract: Objective To understand the prevention and control needs of the fourth round of comprehensive AIDS prevention and treatment demonstration areas in Guangdong Province, and to provide references for the demonstration areas to adopt relevant strategies and measures. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the reported HIV/AIDS cases and antiretroviral treatment data of the fourth round of demonstration areas Guangdong Province in the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System from 2011 to 2018. Results A total of 34 926 HIV/AIDS cases were newly reported from 2011 to 2018. Among them, the reported cases in the urban demonstration area were concentrated in the 20-39 years old （68.76%）, and the majority were homosexual transmission （48.09%）; in the cases of county demonstratio areas, the opposite sex transmission was the primary route of infection （77.87%）, and the proportion of the group aged over 50 years old was on the rise and became the primary infection group （P<0.01）. Both sample sources were mainly based on medical institution visits and inspections （49.43%, 56.79%）, and cases which were found late had a high proportion in medical institutions visits and inspections （63.5%, 64.0%）. There were statistically significant differences in the age, educational level, household registration, route of infection and other characteristics of the reported cases in the demonstration areas of urbans and counties, as well as the proportion of late detection, the proportion of antiviral treatments for surviving cases, and the success rate of treatment （all P<0.01）. Conclusion There are differences in the characteristics of reported cases and the prevention and control status between urbans and counties of demonstration areas in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2018. The fourth round of demonstration areas in Guangdong Province needs to integrate the cities while implementing the work guidance plan for the national demonstration areas. To take more detailed and targeted prevention and control measures in accordance with the characteristics of the epidemic situation in the demonstration areas of the counties and districts and the local reality.

Key words: Comprehensiv prevention and treatment, Demonstration area, AIDS, Case report