Objective To investigate the correlation between sleep status and cognitive function in the elderly in Shenzhen. Methods The data was collected from the survey results of elderly who underwent physical examination in hospital of Shenzhen. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale （PSQI） and the simple mental state scale （Mini-Cog） were used to evaluate the sleep status and cognitive function. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between sleep status and cognitive function. Results A total of 7 510 subjects were included, including 43.5% males and 56.5% females, 68.4% aged 60-69 and 28.3% aged 70-79. Only 14.9% of the elderly had education level of primary school or below, 87.5% were married, 79.5% never smoked, 85.6% never drank, 81.4% had regular exercise in the past half year, and 17.9% and 10.5% of the elderly were found to have poor sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the sleep disorder （OR=1.250） and daytime dysfunction （OR=1.128） were risk factors of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions leep quality is a factor affecting cognitive function of the elderly. Good sleep quality may play a certain positive role in cognitive function. It is suggested that healthy sleep knowledge and cognitive knowledge publicity activities should be carried out in the community to improve the quality of life of the elderly population.

Objective To understand the prevention and control needs of the fourth round of comprehensive AIDS prevention and treatment demonstration areas in Guangdong Province, and to provide references for the demonstration areas to adopt relevant strategies and measures. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the reported HIV/AIDS cases and antiretroviral treatment data of the fourth round of demonstration areas Guangdong Province in the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System from 2011 to 2018. Results A total of 34 926 HIV/AIDS cases were newly reported from 2011 to 2018. Among them, the reported cases in the urban demonstration area were concentrated in the 20-39 years old （68.76%）, and the majority were homosexual transmission （48.09%）; in the cases of county demonstratio areas, the opposite sex transmission was the primary route of infection （77.87%）, and the proportion of the group aged over 50 years old was on the rise and became the primary infection group （P<0.01）. Both sample sources were mainly based on medical institution visits and inspections （49.43%, 56.79%）, and cases which were found late had a high proportion in medical institutions visits and inspections （63.5%, 64.0%）. There were statistically significant differences in the age, educational level, household registration, route of infection and other characteristics of the reported cases in the demonstration areas of urbans and counties, as well as the proportion of late detection, the proportion of antiviral treatments for surviving cases, and the success rate of treatment （all P<0.01）. Conclusion There are differences in the characteristics of reported cases and the prevention and control status between urbans and counties of demonstration areas in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2018. The fourth round of demonstration areas in Guangdong Province needs to integrate the cities while implementing the work guidance plan for the national demonstration areas. To take more detailed and targeted prevention and control measures in accordance with the characteristics of the epidemic situation in the demonstration areas of the counties and districts and the local reality.

Objective To analyze morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City from 2014 to 2016. Methods The incidence and death data of malignant tumors in Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City from 2014 to 2016 were collected, and the crude morbidity, crude mortality, age-standardized rate, truncated rate of 35-64 years old, cumulative rate, and the rank of top 10 malignant tumors were calculated. Results From 2014 to 2016, in Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City, the crude morbidity of malignant tumors was 312.50/10⁵（334.97/10⁵ for males, 289.41/10⁵ for females）,with China and world age-standardized rate of 219.16/10⁵ and 214.30/10⁵,respectively. The truncated morbidity of 35-64 years old was 379.76/10⁵, and the cumulative morbidity of 0-74 years old was 24.31%. The crude mortality of malignant tumors was 165.27/10⁵（208.55/10⁵ for males, 120.79/10⁵ for females）, with China and world age-standardized rate of 100.33/10⁵ and 99.52/10⁵, respectively. The truncated mortality of 35-64 years old was 153.81/10⁵, and the cumulative mortality of 0-74 years old was 11.50%. The top 10 morbidity of malignant tumors were lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cerebroma, gastric cancer, thyroid carcinoma, leukemia and prostate cancer, accounted for 74.31% of all malignant tumor cases. The top 10 mortality of malignant tumors were lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric cancer, female breast cancer, leukemia, esophageal carcinoma, pancreatic cancer and lymphoma, accounted for 83.06% of all malignant tumor deaths. Conclusion Lung cancer, digestive system cancer, female breast cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma are the major malignant tumors which seriously affect the health of residents in Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City. Therefore, prevention and control methods should be strengthened.

Objective To understand the current situation of poor vision in primary and middle school students aged 6-18 in Zigong City, so as to provide reference information for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample 3 primary schools and 4 middle schools （including 2 junior high schools, 1 general senior high school and 1 vocational high school） in each of 2 urban areas and 1 township in Zigong City. All primary and middle school students in the selected schools were examined for vision and investigated by questionnaire. The poor vision of primary and middle school students was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and its influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 11 992 primary and middle school students in Zigong City were surveyed, aged 6-18 years, with a male-female ratio of 1.12∶1. Among them, 6 715 cases of poor vision were detected, with a detection rate of 55.99%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that sleep time <8 h/d （OR=2.757）, older age （OR=2.654）, urban students （OR=3.152）, using electronic equipment ≥2 h/d （OR=3.062）, the risk of poor vision in primary and middle school students was higher. The school organized vision screening every year （OR=0.389）, physical exercise time was 1-2 h/d （OR=0.614）, and the school organized vision protection publicity activities every year （OR=0.407）, the risk of poor vision in primary and middle school students was relatively low. Conclusion The detection rate of poor vision among primary and middle school students aged 6-18 in Zigong is high, which is mainly related to age, location, sleep time, physical exercise time, the annual vision screening organized by the school, the use of electronic equipment, the annual vision protection publicity activities carried out by the school, etc. It is suggested that the school and relevant departments should pay attention to it, and take measures to ensure the healthy development of vision of primary and middle school students.

Objective To investigate the current situation of resilience level of convalescent stroke patients and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide theoretical guidance for rehabilitation treatment and intervention to improve individual adaptability to adversity. Methods Stroke patients in convalescence who were diagnosed and treated and ready for discharged in a hospital in Chengdu from December 2019 to December 2020 were taken as the research object to investigate the status of resilience. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to describe and analyze the resilience of convalescent stroke patients, and its influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results This study collected a total of 306 valid questionnaires for convalescent stroke patients. The patients were 18 to 85 years old, the ratio of male to female was 1.4∶1, and ischemic stroke accounted for 54.33%. The average score of resilience of stroke patients was （128.57±16.69） points, the average score of each item was （3.67 ± 0.81） points, the scoring rate was 73.47%, and the overall score was at a medium level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the education level （β‘=0.025）, on-the-job （β’=0.084）, the higher the monthly household income （β‘=0.109）, the main caregivers were family members （β’= 0.101）, the higher the NIHSS score （β‘=0.249）, and the higher the Barthel index （β’=0.291）, the higher the resilience score of convalescent stroke patients may be. Conclusion Resilience of convalescent stroke patients is general, and there are many factors affecting it. Medical staff should pay attention to the individual situation of stroke patients to formulate a rehabilitation plan, enhance the adversity adaptability and psychological resilience of patients, and help patients recover actively to adapt to the new living state.

Objective To analyze the incidence of chronic kidney disease （CKD） in population at high risk of CKD, so as to provide reference data for improving the prevention and control of CKD. Methods The high-risk population of CKD publicly recruited by a third-class hospital in Chengdu from April to September 2019 was taken as the research object, basic information collection, blood biochemical index and renal function index examination were carried out. The occurrence of CKD was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and its influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 7 384 high-risk population of CKD were included, including 3 910 males and 3 474 females, aged 29 - 74 years, mainly 60 - 74 years old, accounting for 42.5%. Among them, there were 2 872 cases of hypertension, 1 760 cases of hyperuricemia, 1 929 cases of diabetes mellitus, 1 035 cases of family history of chronic nephritis, and 627 cases of family history of hereditary renal disease. There were 3 190 cases with one kind of high-risk factors, 2 836 cases with two kinds, and 1 358 cases with three or more kinds. A total of 796 cases of CKD were diagnosed, and the detection rate was 10.8%. The main disease stage was G2, accounting for 52.5%, and the risk stratification was mainly low-risk, accounting for 51.1%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of CKD was higher among high-risk population of CKD who were women （OR=1.441）, older age （OR=1.244）, with hypertension （OR=2.375）, hyperuricemia （OR=2.617）, diabetes mellitus （OR=1.818）, a family history of chronic nephritis （OR=3.476）, and two kinds （OR=1.442） or three or more kinds of high-risk factors （OR=1.514）. Conclusion The detection rate of CKD in high-risk population of CKD is relatively high. The staging of CKD is mainly G2 stage and low-risk. For high-risk population of CKD who are women, advanced age, hypertension, and with multiple risk factors should focus on screening. Early prevention, detection and treatment of CKD can reduce the harm of disease to patients.

Objective To analyze the occurrence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women, and to explore the correlation between bone metabolic indexes and osteoporosis, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. Methods Taking the middle-aged and elderly women ≥ 45 years old who underwent physical examination in a hospital of Yuechi County from January to December 2020 as the research object, the bone mineral density, serum osteocalcin （OC） and β collagen specific sequence （βCTX）, bone alkaline phosphatase （BALP） and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-（OH）D] were detected. The bone condition of the population was analyzed by descriptive analysis. On the basis of adjusting age and BMI, the impact of bone metabolic index on osteoporosis was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1 124 middle-aged and elderly women were investigated, aged 45-78 years, with an average of （61.4 ± 5.8） years. Among them, 558 cases of osteoporosis were detected, and the incidence rate was 49.6%. There were statistically significant differences in bone mass among middle-aged and elderly women with different ages and body mass index （BMI） （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in bone metabolic indexes among middle-aged and elderly women with different residence, age, BMI, menopausal status and bone mass （all P<0.01）. With age, the level of 25-（OH）D decreased, the levels of OC and BALP increased significantly from 55 to 64 years old and then decreased gradually, and βCTX showed an upward trend. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the level of OC （OR=0.537）, BALP （OR=0.791）, and 25-（OH）D （OR=0.674）, the lower the probability of osteoporosis. The higher the level of βCTX （OR=1.919）, the greater the possibility of osteoporosis. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women ≥45 years old in Yuechi County is high. Bone metabolic indexes such as OC, βCTX, BALP, and 25-（OH）D can effectively reflect bone metabolism, and have a significant correlation with osteoporosis. Monitoring bone metabolic indexes may lead to early detection of bone metabolism abnormalities, which is conducive to the early prevention and detection of osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate and identify the types of symptom clusters of pregnant women in late pregnancy, and to further explore the relationship between social support and different symptom clusters. Methods From January 2019 to December 2020, pregnant women in late pregnancy in the obstetric outpatient clinics of three hospitals in Beijing were investigated by questionnaire, mainly including basic information, occurrence of symptoms during pregnancy, and the status of social support. The Promax oblique rotation method was used to perform exploratory factor analysis on the symptoms evaluated by the symptom scale with an incidence rate of> 40% in late pregnancy, and single and multiple factors were used to analyze the influencing factors of the symptom clusters of pregnant women in late pregnancy. Results A total of 5 012 pregnant women in late pregnancy were enrolled in this study, aged 24-44 years old, with gestational age 35 to <41 weeks, 35 to 36 weeks dominated, accounting for 57.0%. The monthly household income was mainly ≥10 000 yuan, accounting for 68.9%. BMI of pre-pregnancy was mainly <24.0, accounting for 71.0%. The score of social support was （68.25±4.78） points. The top 5 symptom occurrence frequencies were weight gain, lack of energy, feeling drowsy, sweating, and falling asleep difficulty. The symptom cluster with the highest average score was body image symptoms （0.89±0.46） points, followed by general physical symptoms （0.81±0.48） points, neuropsychiatric symptoms （0.79±0.43） points, limb symptoms （0.66±0.29） points. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gestational age （β'=0.236） and exercise frequency （β'=-0.192） were factors affected the general physical symptoms of pregnant women in late pregnancy. Monthly income （β'=-0.118） and the score of social support （β'=-0.136） were factors affected the neuropsychiatric symptoms in late pregnancy. The gestational age （β'=0.229） and the BMI of pre-pregnancy （β'=0.086） were factors affected the body image symptoms of pregnant women in late pregnancy. Gestational week （β'=0.353） was factor affected the limb symptoms of pregnant women in late pregnancy. Conclusion Affected by a variety of factors, pregnant women in late pregnancy have multiple physical and mental symptoms, and social support has a certain correlation with them. This plays an important role in identifying high-risk population in the early clinical stage and launching targeted intervention measures in a timely manner.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of diarrhea cases and pathogen detection in children under 5 years old in Mianyang, and provide a scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of diarrhea in children. Methods Cases of children with diarrhea under 5 years old who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of a hospital in Mianyang City from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020 were used as the research objects to collect the basic information, and the feces of children were collected for pathogen detection. The results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method. Results A total of 565 cases of diarrhea in children under 5 years old were collected in this study, including 187, 176 and 202 cases in 2018, 2019 and 2020, accounting for 33.1%, 31.2% and 35.8% respectively. The sex ratio of boys to girls was 1∶1.05. The age of the cases was mainly from 12 to <60 months, accounting for 54.7%, and the season of occurrence was mainly summer and autumn, accounting for 63.5%. A total of 157 cases of pathogens were detected, all of them were single infections, and the pathogen detection rate was 27.8%. The detection rate of pathogens in children with diarrhea in different years, ages, and seasons was significantly different （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Among them, 152 strains were virus and 5 strains were bacteria. Rotavirus was the main virus strain, accounting for 38.8%, and adenovirus and norovirus respectively accounted for 22.4%. Conclusion From 2018 to 2020, the pathogen detection rate of diarrhea in children under 5 years old in a hospital in Mianyang is decreasing year by year. The pathogens are mainly viruses, especially rotavirus, adenovirus and norovirus, and the proportion of bacterial infection is relatively low. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to the case characteristics in this area to prevent the risk of diarrhea in children.

Objective To investigate and analyze the drug resistance and homology of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae （CRKP） isolated from intensive care unit （ICU） in order to provide reference for clinical antimicrobial treatment and monitoring. Methods From March 2019 to March 2021, 260 strains of CRKP （including 156 strains from a hospital in Ma'anshan and 104 strains from a hospital in Soochow） were isolated from the ICUs of two hospitals. Routine drug sensitivity test, PCR amplification and sequencing were used to detect the drug resistance genes, homology analysis of CRKP strains was carried out by pulsed field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） and multilocus sequence typing （MLST）. Results All 260 strains of CRKP were highly resistant to 17 kinds of commonly used antibiotics, and the multiple drug resistance rate was 100%. CRKP strains isolated from the hospital in Ma'anshan mainly carried carbapenemase and extended spectrum β -Lactamases （ESBLs） gene, including five kinds of drug resistance genes. The carrying rates of bla_KPC-2, bla_NDM-1, bla_SHV, bla_TEM and bla_CTX-M-1 were 84.62%, 3.21%, 70.51%, 71.79% and 80.77% respectively. CRKP strains isolated from the hospital in Soochow carried five kinds of drug resistance genes, namely bla_KPC-2, bla_NDM-1, bla_SHV, bla_TEM and bla_CTX-M-9, the carrying rates were 74.04%, 23.08%, 80.77%, 76.92% and 27.88% respectively. PFGE typing results showed that both of CRKP strains in the two hospitals were mainly type A and type C, but the subtypes and quantity were different. According to MLST classification, 8 sequence types were identified, including ST11, ST76, ST16, ST437, ST379, ST751, ST395 and ST307. The main sequence type was ST11 in the hospital in Ma'anshan, accounting for 83.97%. While the hospital in Soochow was mainly ST11 （65.38%） and ST76 （27.88%）. Conclusion There are some differences in CRKP strains in the ICUs of two hospitals, but they are both mainly ST11 type carrying KPC-2 carbapenemase gene. Strengthening ICU cleaning and nosocomial infection monitoring is conducive to controlling the spread and prevalence of multi drug resistant bacteria.

Objective To understand the cognition of COVID-19 vaccine among permanent residents in Liwan District of Guangzhou City, and to explore the vaccination willingness and its influencing factors, so as to provide basis for improving the vaccination rate of COVID-19. Methods From November 1 to December 15, 2020, permanent residents aged 18-59 years old in Liwan District of Guangzhou City were invited to fill in the questionnaire online through wjx.cn. The contents included basic information, cognition of COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination willingness. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the results, multivariate Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of vaccination willingness. Results A total of 5 763 permanent residents aged 18-59 years old were investigated, of which 23.58% were male and 76.42% were female. The willingness rate of COVID-19 vaccine was 82.44%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the residents who were engaged in teaching profession （OR=3.009）, housework （OR=2.691）, medical staff （OR=2.652）, catering and food industry （OR=2.292）, and residents who believed that vaccine was safety （OR=24.007） and considered in a high risk of COVID-19 infectious （OR=17.528） were highly willing to get the vaccination. Conclusion The permanent residents aged 18-59 years old in Liwan District of Guangzhou City are more willing to be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine. The occupation, the cognition of vaccine safety and the cognition of COVID-19 are the factors that influence COVID-19 vaccination willingness among residents.