Abstract: Objective To analyze the occurrence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women, and to explore the correlation between bone metabolic indexes and osteoporosis, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. Methods Taking the middle-aged and elderly women ≥ 45 years old who underwent physical examination in a hospital of Yuechi County from January to December 2020 as the research object, the bone mineral density, serum osteocalcin （OC） and β collagen specific sequence （βCTX）, bone alkaline phosphatase （BALP） and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-（OH）D] were detected. The bone condition of the population was analyzed by descriptive analysis. On the basis of adjusting age and BMI, the impact of bone metabolic index on osteoporosis was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1 124 middle-aged and elderly women were investigated, aged 45-78 years, with an average of （61.4 ± 5.8） years. Among them, 558 cases of osteoporosis were detected, and the incidence rate was 49.6%. There were statistically significant differences in bone mass among middle-aged and elderly women with different ages and body mass index （BMI） （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in bone metabolic indexes among middle-aged and elderly women with different residence, age, BMI, menopausal status and bone mass （all P<0.01）. With age, the level of 25-（OH）D decreased, the levels of OC and BALP increased significantly from 55 to 64 years old and then decreased gradually, and βCTX showed an upward trend. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the level of OC （OR=0.537）, BALP （OR=0.791）, and 25-（OH）D （OR=0.674）, the lower the probability of osteoporosis. The higher the level of βCTX （OR=1.919）, the greater the possibility of osteoporosis. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women ≥45 years old in Yuechi County is high. Bone metabolic indexes such as OC, βCTX, BALP, and 25-（OH）D can effectively reflect bone metabolism, and have a significant correlation with osteoporosis. Monitoring bone metabolic indexes may lead to early detection of bone metabolism abnormalities, which is conducive to the early prevention and detection of osteoporosis.

Key words: Osteoporosis, Middle-aged and elderly, Women, Bone metabolism, Bone mineral density