Abstract: Objective To analyze the dose-response relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia, in order to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of dyslipidemia. Methods From May to June 2024, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey, physical examinations, and laboratory tests on residents aged 18 and older in the Chao'an District. An unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between BMI, waist circumference, and dyslipidemia. A logistic regression model based on restricted cubic splines (RCS) was utilized to analyze the dose-response relationship between BMI, waist circumference, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia among residents of Chao'an District was 34.00%, with an overweight/obesity rate of 30.74% and a central obesity rate of 23.86%. The risk of dyslipidemia was higher in residents with overweight/obesity (OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.87-2.55) and central obesity (OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.81-2.52) compared to residents with normal weight. Referencing the normal weight population, individuals with combined overweight/obesity and central obesity had a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia (OR=2.76, 95% CI: 2.27-3.36) than those with only overweight/obesity (OR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.49-2.29) or only central obesity (OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.28-2.28). The restricted cubic spline model indicated a non-linear dose-response relationship between both BMI and waist circumference and the prevalence of dyslipidemia (both P<0.05). Conclusion BMI and waist circumference are associated with the prevalence of dyslipidemia, exhibiting a clear, monotonically increasing dose-response relationship.

Key words: Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Dose-response relationship, Restricted cubic spline