Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the sleep quality and related factors among people aged 65 and above in rural mountainous area of Yiling District, Yichang City, so as to provide evidence for intervention measures.MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was used to select five mountainous towns of Yiling District, Yichang City. Six administrative villages were randomly selected in each town and residents aged 65 and above were chosen from the selected villages to participate in the survey. The survey content included basic information, personal life (including sleep, physical activity, life satisfaction, family relationships, etc.), and health status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the sleep quality and its influencing factors.ResultsA total of 4 002 residents aged 65 - 96 years old were investigated and their average age was (73.34±6.01) years. The male to female ratio was 0.94∶1. Of all the participants, 58.5% were aged 65 to 74 years, 90.7% had the educational level at primary school, 68.2% were single, and 65.1% had an annual household income less than 10 000 Yuan. The selfrated poor sleep quality rate was 55.4% (2 216/4 002), the average sleep time was (7.94±2.08) h/d, and 25.3% of them (1 013/4 002) had sleep time <7.0 h / d. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the female, aged ≥75 years, unsatisfactory to life, poor family relationship, and lonely elderly, the possibility of poor sleep quality was less for the male, aged 65 - 74 years, satisfaction to life, good family relationship, and unlonely elderly (OR=0.692, 0.855, 0.550, 0.761, 0.595, respectively). Compared with the educational level at junior high school and above, in marriage, and no chronic diseases, the persons with the education level at primary school and below, single,and with chronic diseases were more likely to have poor sleep quality(OR=1.318,1.230,1.453,respectively) .ConclusionPeople aged 65 years and older in Yiling rural mountainous area had big sleep problem and intervention measures should be taken to improve the status .