Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of polypoid lesion of gallbladder （PLG） in adult residents of Dongying City. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select adult residents in Dongying City for questionnaire survey, physical examination, abdominal ultrasound examination, and blood biochemical index testing. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the condition and characteristics of PLG in this population, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of PLG. Results A total of 10 865 people underwent physical examinations, including 5 562 males （51.19%） and 5 303 females （48.81%）, aged 28-74 years. A total of 896 cases of PLG were identified, with a detection rate of 8.25%. The diameter of polyps in PLG patients was 1.9-35.0 mm, with <5 mm （56.92%）, 5-10 mm （39.96%）, and ≥ 10 mm （3.13%）. The thickness of the gallbladder wall was 0.2-2.1 cm, with an average of （0.31±0.07） cm. There were 564 cases （62.95%） of single polyps and 332 cases （37.05%） of multiple polyps. Chronic cholecystitis was present in 269 cases （30.02 %）, while 178 cases （19.87%） had calculi. The proportion of blood flow signals in polyps was 43.19%. Among them, 367 cases （40.96%） received surgical treatment, and the pathological results confirmed that 324 cases （88.28%） were non tumor polyps, including 290 cases of cholesterol polyps; there were 43 cases （11.72%） of tumor polyps, all of which were gallbladder adenomas. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of PLG was higher in individuals with male （OR=1.745）, age≥40 years （OR=2.442）, HBsAg positive （OR=1.519）, hyperlipidemia （OR=1.429）, and hyperuricemia （OR=1.896）. Conclusions The prevalence of PLG in Dongying population is at a high level. Age, gender, hepatitis B surface antigen, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia are the influencing factors for PLG.

Key words: Physical examination population, Polypoid lesion of gallbladder, Pathological characteristics, Influencing factor