Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the sleep quality and related factors among the rural elderly people in Chizhou. MethodsA random sampling method was used to select rural elderly people aged 60 and above from six administrative villages in Chizhou City for questionnaire survey. The survey contents included basic information, the Short form 36-item questionnaire (SF-36) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the sleep status of the subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze factors influencing the sleep quality.ResultsA total of 925 rural elderly participated in the survey, of whom 60.5% were female, 56.4% aged 60-69 years, 90.9% had primary school education level or below, and 73.0% had alive spouses. The PSQI total score for sleep quality of the subjects was (8.02±3.54), and 463 subjects had sleep disorders, with an incidence rate of 50.05%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the subjects who were female (OR=1.281), aged at 70-79 years (OR=1.648) as well as 80 years and over (OR=2.721), without alive spouse (OR=1.775), and with chronic diseases (OR=2.615) were more likely to have sleep disorders. The average scores of factors of the quality of life were correlated with PSQI scores (allP<0.05).ConclusionThe incidence of sleep disorders was high in rural elderly and the sleep disorders were associated with gender, age, spouse alive or not, and chronic diseases.