Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between dietary status and glycemic control inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes mellituswere selected from a hospital in Guangzhou to conduct 3-day-24-hour dietary recalls.The anthropometric parameters were measured and glycemic indexes detected. Association analysis were conducted between different status of dietary intakes and glycemic control. ResultsA total of 223 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this study. Of the subjects,54.7% were aged 50-70 years, 57.0%males, and 47.5%overweight,23.8%(53/223) smokers, and 6.7%(15/223)alcohol drinkers. Intakes of energy in subjects at light, moderate, and heavy physical activity level accounted for 113.2%-149.1%,115.6%-122.9%, and 85.4%-97.4% of reference nutrient intakes (RNIs), respectively.The intake of dietary fiber (8.3 g) and proportion of energy from protein (14.0%) were lower than the recommended levels. Intakes of vitamin E and iron reached or exceeded RNIs(104.4%-195.7%), while intakes of vitamin A,thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C,sodium,and calcium were lower than RNIs(21.0%-87.8%). Intakes of vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, eggs, dairy products, soybean, and nuts were below RNIs, but intake of livestock and poultry meat (100 g) was higher than RNIs. Levels of FPG, PPG, and HbA1c were (11.4±4.5),(17.6±5.6)mmol/L, and (9.3±2.1)%,respectively. Of the subjects, 84.3% (188/223) were in poor glycemic control, which was positively associated with proportion of energy from protein (r=0.165), intakes of calcium (r=0.223),and aquatic products (r=0.257)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Subjects with intake of aquatic products either ＜40 g/d or ＞75 g/d had higher proportions of inadequate glycemic control than those with 40-75 g/d, and the rate of inadequate glycemic control in subjects with intake of calcium under 90% of RNI was lower than those exceeded 90% of RNI (all P＜0.01).ConclusionMost subjects failed to keep balanced diets and their inadequate glycemic control was possiblyassociated with imbalanced intakes of aquatic products, calcium, and protein.Therefore nutritional education and glycemic monitoring should be reinforced to make immediate adjustment for diets.