Abstract: Objective To explore the impact of medical evaluation of children with special health status on vaccination in Cangzhou region. Methods Children with special health status who were treated in the vaccination clinic of Cangzhou People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected to carry out medical evaluation of vaccination, put forward vaccination recommendations and implement vaccination. Descriptive analysis method was used to make statistical analysis of the implementation results of vaccination recommendations and adverse events following immunization (AEFI) within three months after vaccination, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the factors affecting the vaccination rate of children with special health status in Cangzhou region. Results A total of 2 018 children with special health status were included, of which 53.96% were aged 0-<12 months. The main special health status included neurological diseases, neonatal diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 33.80%, 31.96%, and 15.91%, respectively. According to medical evaluation, it is recommended that 1 459 (72.30%), 426 (21.11%), and 133 (6.59%) children be vaccinated/re vaccinated according to the immunization program, partially vaccinated, and temporarily vaccinated, respectively. Among them, 1 712 children (90.82%) were actually vaccinated, and 31 cases (1.81%) developed AEFI, all of which were general adverse events and recovered within 7 days. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residence (urban OR=1.390), parents' education level (college degree or above OR=1.662), average monthly household income (≥3 500 yuan OR=1.677), parents' sources of information (child health doctors/obstetricians/neonatologists OR=2.450, primary vaccination personnel OR=2.100), and parents' awareness of vaccination (good OR=1.677) were all independent factors affecting the vaccination of children with special health status in Cangzhou region (all P<0.05). Conclusions Most of the children with special health status can be vaccinated with preventive vaccines after medical evaluation, and the safety is good. It is also necessary to focus on strengthening the publicity of vaccination for children with special health status, and to improve the parents' knowledge of preventive vaccination, so as to increase the vaccination rate of children with special health status.

Key words: Special health status, Children, Medical evaluation, Vaccination