Abstract: ObjectiveTo understand the current status of tobacco smoke in rural areas of Wuhan, so as to provide effective data support for making the tobacco control policy in rural areas. MethodsIn the rural areas of Wuhan, 2 500 residents were selected by cluster sampling method and a household survey was conducted by investigators using the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). After the data were cleaned and weighted, smoking, smoking cessation and secondhand smoke exposure were analyzed. ResultsA total of 2 148 people were surveyed, with a weighted sample size of 2 727 746, including 1 392 327 males (52.0%) and 1 335 419 females (49.0%). Of the weighted population, the groups aged 25-44 years and 45-64 years accounted for 37.8% and 32.5% respectively. The education level was concentrated at the junior high school level and below, including 38.0% (868 224/2 284 153) in primary school and below, and 43.4% in junior high school (991 091/ 2 284 153). The occupations were mainly based on 2 major categories, 34.1% (930 655/2 727 746) were enterprises, business and service workers, and 42.7% (1 166 103/2 727 746) were farmers. The current smoking rate was 29.6%（808 062/2 727 746）and the average daily cigarettes smoked by current smokers were 18.7. The rate of quitting smoking was 11.5%（89 461/805 551）and the percentage of smokers who were not interested in quitting smoking was highest among the current smokers (48.2%, 385 393/799 501）(P<0.05). Among the smokers, the rates of secondhand exposure to tobacco smoke were 75.9%（190 015/250 230）in the workplace and 78.7%（634 772/806 824）in the family, higher than those among nonsmokers (both P<0.05). ConclusionThe prevalence of tobacco in rural areas in Wuhan is severe and willingness to quit smoking is not strong. Combined with the characteristics of rural areas, health promotion on tobacco control should be carried out, the establishment and implementation of tobacco control legislation in Wuhan should be promoted.