Abstract: ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Luogang District. MethodsA stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select one primary school, one junior school and one high school among urban and rural schools in Luogang District. Three classes were randomly selected from each selected school to carry out a questionnaire survey, which included social demographic characteristics, binocular vision, eye hygiene behavior, etc. The prevalence of myopia and its influencing factors were analyzed using a chi-square test and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 804 students were interviewed, including 441 boys (54.85%) and 363 girls (45.15%), aged from 8 to 18 years, with an average age of (13.81±4.08) years. Of the respondents, 410 (51.00%) were from the rural schools, 394 (49.00%) from the urban schools; 270 (33.58%) were primary school pupils, 277 (34.45%) junior high school students, and 257 (31.97%) senior high school students. There were 429 students with myopia, with a prevalence rate of 53.36%, including 188 (43.82%) students with moderate and severe myopia. The mean visual acuity of left and right eyes was (4.80 ±0.35). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the boys were 0.59 times more likely to develop myopia than girls; the junior middle school students were 3.38 times and the high school students were 11.71 times more likely to develop myopia than the pupils; the students who often leant over the desk while doing homework were 1.47 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not; the students who often read in a lying down position were 3.28 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not; the students who watched TV for >2 h/d was 2.52 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not watch TV.ConclusionBoth prevalence rates of myopia and the proportion of severe myopia are high in children and adolescents in Luogang District, Guangzhou. Girls, leanting over the desk while doing homework, reading in a lying down position and often watching TV are influencing factors of myopia.