Abstract: Objective To study the influencing factors of hysteromyoma and guide the related prevention and treatment. Methods Taking the cases of hysteromyoma diagnosed for the first time in a hospital in Panzhihua from February 2020 to January 2021 as the case group, according to age ±0.05 years, BMI ±0.05 and a ratio of 1：1 to select women without hysteromyoma who undergoing physical examination at the hospital physical examination center in the same period as the control group. Questionnaire survey was conducted, including age, height, weight, abortion history, childbearing history, menstrual irregularity, gynecological inflammation, endometriosis, family genetic history, anxiety, depression, physical exercise, sleep duration, long-term （> 6 months） oral contraceptives, etc. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the related factors of women with or without hysteromyoma. Results The survey data of 551 patients with hysteromyoma and 563 women without hysteromyoma were complete. In the case group, the age was mainly 46-59 years old, accounting for 45.37%; and the BMI was mainly 18.5-23.9, accounting for 57.35%; 23.41% had abortion history and 73.50% had childbearing history. In the control group, 41.56% were 46-59 years old, 58.61% were BMI 18.5-23.9, 16.52% had abortion history and 70.34% had childbearing history. There were no significant differences in age, BMI, childbearing history, endometriosis, physical exercise and sleep duration between the two groups （all P>0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that abortion history （OR=1.468）, menstrual irregularity （OR=1.273）, gynecological inflammation （OR=1.562）, family history of disease （OR=1.487）, anxiety （OR=1.996）, depression （OR=2.474） and long-term oral contraceptives （OR=2.223） were risk factors for the onset of hysteromyoma. Conclusion Hysteromyoma is affected by many factors such as abortion history, menstrual irregularity, gynecological inflammation, family history of disease, anxiety, depression, long-term oral contraceptives. Women should be guided to maintain a good psychological state, avoid abortion, and attention to reproductive system health to reduce the incidence of hysteromyoma.

Key words: Women, Hysteromyoma, Gynecology, Case-control, Influencing factor