Abstract: Objective To investigate the medication compliance and its influencing factors of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in Beijing. Methods Baseline data were collected from Helicobacter pylori-positive patients who visited a hospital in Beijing and received drug treatment from January to June 2021. After completing the course of treatment, the Morisky medication compliance questionnaire was used for telephone follow-up. The medication compliance of Helicobacter pylori -positive patients was analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of medication compliance were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results In this study, 1 034 cases of Helicobacter pylori infection were analyzed. There were 754 males （72.92%） and 280 females （27.08%）; aged 18-76 years, with the highest proportion of 45-59 years old, accounting for 44.29%. The average score of the Morisky medication compliance questionnaire was （6.97±0.98） points, of which 752 cases had good medication compliance, accounting for 72.73%, and 282 cases had insufficient medication compliance, accounting for 27.27%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with Helicobacter pylori infection aged ≥45 years old （OR=1.705, 1.936）, with an education level of junior high school and above （OR=1.430, 1.517）, living in a city （OR=2.469）, well mastered the disease knowledge of Helicobacter pylori （OR=2.420）, non-self-paid medical insurance payment （OR=4.297, 3.811, 4.957）, and the number of co-residents ≥2 （OR=2.547, 2.427） were more likely to have good medication compliance. Conclusion The medication compliance of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in Beijing is poor. For those with insufficient medication compliance, we need to actively intervene in various influencing factors to reduce health and economic losses.

Key words: Helicobacter pylori, Medication compliance, Peptic ulcer, Gastric cancer, Drug resistance