Objective To investigate the screening status and influencing factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the elderly in Zhongshan City, and to provide a theoretical basis for implementing targeted preventive measures. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used from July to October 2019 to select individuals aged ≥60 years from 2 towns/streets in Zhongshan City for a questionnaire survey. The influencing factors of AD in the elderly were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 858 subjects with an average age of (69.3±6.6) years were investigated, including 727 males (39.1%) and 1 131 females (60.9%). The positive rate of screening for AD was 15.7% (291 cases). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that being female (OR=1.509), increasing age (80-89 years old OR=2.540), widowhood (OR=1.470), daily work every day (engaging in housework OR=0.486, assisting children with childcare OR=0.466, participating in leisure activities OR=0.530), living alone (OR=1.796), lack of socialization with neighbors (OR=1.519), mobile phone use (using smart phones OR=0.593, using regular mobile phones OR=2.295), not reading books or newspapers (OR=1.717), deafness/hearing loss (OR =2.700) were influencing factors for AD. Conclusions The primary screening positive rate for AD among the elderly in Zhongshan City is higher than the national survey level. Based on independent influencing factors such as daily work, neighbor communication,mobile phone use, reading books or newspapers, and deafness/hearing loss which can be modified, early intervention measures should be implemented to encourage increased social activities among the elderly, improve or maintain cognitive function, and enhance hearing ability so as to reduce incidence of AD.

Objective To analyze the changes in disease burden and risk factors of esophageal cancer in China and globally from 1990 to 2019, and to provide the scientific references for the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer in China. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD 2019) database, the number of esophageal cancer incidences, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and their standardized rates were extracted. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess the trend in esophageal cancer from 1990 to 2019. Additionally, the impact of risk factors on esophageal cancer was quantitatively analyzed using the population attributable proportion (PAF). Results From 1990 to 2019, both China and the global community experienced a declining trend in the age-standardized incidence rate of esophageal cancer, with EAPCs of -1.58% (95% CI: -2.03% - -1.13%) and -0.90% (95% CI: -1.18% - -0.62%), respectively. Similarly, the age-standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend, with EAPCs of -1.96% (95% CI: -2.42% - -1.49%) and -1.19% (95% CI: -1.47% - -0.91%), respectively. The age-standardized DALYs rate also decreased, with EAPCs of -2.27% (95% CI: -2.76% - -1.78%) and -1.41% (95% CI: -1.70%- -1.12%), respectively. The extent of the decline in age-standardized rates was greater in China compared to the global average, and more pronounced in females than in males. The burden of esophageal cancer in Asia was significantly higher than in Africa, Europe, and the Americas. The age-standardized incidence rate, mortality rate, and DALYs rate in Asia all demonstrated a declining trend, with EAPCs of -1.36% (95% CI: -1.71% - -1.01%), -1.71% (95% CI: -2.07% - -1.36%), and -1.91% (95% CI: -2.28% - -1.54%), respectively. In 2019, the primary risk factors for esophageal cancer, ranked by PAF, were smoking, alcohol consumption, high BMI, insufficient fruit intake, tobacco chewing, and insufficient vegetable intake. Conclusions The burden of esophageal cancer has decreased in China and globally. It is recommended that residents maintain a balanced diet, consume fruits and vegetables actively, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, engage in regular physical activity, strengthen esophageal cancer screening and regular physical examination, and actively promote early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.

Objective To understand the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China and analyze its influencing factors, to provide a scientific basis for the development of relevant policies and social support measures. Methods Data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) was utilized for this study. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were employed to analyze and explore the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old, along with its influencing factors. Additionally, a Nomogram prediction model for life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old was established. Results The life satisfaction of 4 597 rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old was 85.12%. Logistic regression analysis results showed that males (OR=1.256), aged ≥70 years (OR=1.235, 1.500), recent physical examination (OR=1.440), self-rated health (SRH) as healthy (OR=2.378), self-rated memory as good (OR=1.432), saving 5 000 to 50 000 yuan (OR=1.456), divorced or separated or widowed (OR=0.718), moderately disabled (OR=0.675), severely disabled (OR=0.624), and having debt (OR=0.516) were significantly associated with life satisfaction among rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Internal verification results of the Nomogram prediction model indicated that the observed curve closely matched the expected value curve, with a C-index of 0.693 suggesting that the model had certain predictive ability, accuracy, and differentiation. Conclusions The life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China is relatively high. Factors such as gender, marital status, age, recent physical examination, SRH, degree of disability, self-rated memory, savings, and debt are all related to the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China.

Objective To investigate the incidence of sleep disorders among operating room nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and analyze its related factors. Methods In July 2023, all operating room nurses in 8 grade A tertiary hospitals in Shanghai were included for this study. The General Information Survey Questionnaire, Nurse Job Stress Inventory, Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied to conduct surveys on them. The incidence of sleep disorders among operating room nurses with different characteristics was compared, and logistic regression was applied to screen for influencing factors of sleep disorders among operating room nurses. Results This study ultimately included 426 operating room nurses, of whom 13.85% were male and 86.15% were female, with an average age of (37.58±5.26) years and an working experience of (12.46±4.13) years; the proportion of college education was 50.94%, and the proportion of bachelor degree or above was 49.06%; the proportion of junior nurses was 33.10%, the proportion of senior nurses was 37.09%, and the proportion of supervising nurses and above was 29.81%. Sleep disorders occurred in 242 cases (56.81%). The risk factors for sleep disorders among operating room nurses mainly included age of 28-<40 years (OR=3.016), working experience of 5-<10 years (OR=2.986), complicated with chronic diseases (OR=2.936), average monthly night shift frequency >5 times (OR=2.719), moderate or severe work pressure (OR=2.412, 3.084), and high occupational stress (OR=2.815), the protective factor was regular exercise (OR=0.406). Conclusions The incidence of sleep disorders among operating room nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals in Shanghai is relatively high, especially among age of 28-<40 years, working experience of 6-<10 years, complicated with chronic diseases, average monthly night shift frequency >5 times, moderate or severe work pressure, and high occupational stress. Therefore, effective strategies should be taken to intervene in the sleep of operating room nurses, and encourage them to carry out regular exercise to improve sleep disorders.

Objective To investigate the compliance of colonoscopy screening among high-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) populations in Nanjing and to analyze the factors influencing colonoscopy screening. Methods From January 2023 to January 2024, patients who visited the gastroenterology outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing were enrolled and participated a quantified risk questionnaire survey about high-risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Questionnaire evaluation results of the high-risk CRC population and their compliance with colonoscopy screening were analyzed. Factors influencing screening compliance were explored by using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 4 470 outpatients were enrolled in this study, among whom 1 098 were identified as having high-risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), with a detection rate of 24.56%. Of these high-risk individuals, 394 underwent colonoscopy screening, yielding a screening compliance rate of 35.88%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher education level (college degree or above, OR=2.101), average monthly household income≥4 000 RMB (OR=1.838), regular physical check-ups (OR=3.802), good family support (OR=1.636), direct relatives with a history of CRC (OR=2.599), personal history of malignancy (OR=5.924), history of intestinal polyps (OR=2.408), mucous bloody stool (OR=3.293), history of chronic biliary disease or cholecystectomy (OR=2.459), fear of invasive examinations (OR=0.421), complexity of screening preparation (OR=0.584), concern about post-screening risks (OR=0.495), embarrassment with the examination area (OR=0.611), and worry about adverse findings (OR=0.442) were significant factors influencing colonoscopy screening compliance among high-risk CRC individuals (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions The compliance with colonoscopy screening among high-risk CRC populations in Nanjing is relatively low. It is essential to provide appropriate guidance based on population characteristics and to strengthen publicity and education on cancer prevention and screening, in order to improve colonoscopy screening compliance among high-risk groups.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and ocular diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of RA and ocular diseases were extracted from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) available in the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) database. The study used inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and other analytical methods to analyze the causal relationship between RA and ocular diseases by MR. The IVW approach was the principal analysis method. Results The IVW MR analysis revealed a causal association between RA and an increased risk of cataract (OR=1.043, 95% CI: 1.019-1.069, P<0.01), but not statistically significant with increased risk of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (both P>0.05). The reverse two sample MR analysis indicated no current evidence of a causal association between cataract, glaucoma, and increased risk of RA. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were relatively robust. By multivariate MR analysis, RA was associated with an increased risk of cataract (OR=1.036, 95% CI: 1.008-1.064, P=0.010). There was no evidence of a causal association between RA and glaucoma, AMD, or cataract, glaucoma, and RA (all P>0.05). Conclusions RA increases the risk of developing cataracts, but does not increase the risk of developing glaucoma or AMD.

Objective To investigate the reinfection rate, clinical characteristics, and changes in antibody levels of SARS-CoV-2 among community residents in Baoshan District of Shanghai since January 2023, providing reference recommendations for the prevention and control strategy of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Methods Follow-up data from community sentinel residents in Baoshan District were utilized to collect information on infection or reinfection status every week. Clinical symptoms and disease outcomes were recorded. Additionally, 222 individuals were recruited from the follow-up cohort for quarterly assessments of neutralizing antibody levels. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare reinfection rates in different characteristic residents. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare neutralizing antibody levels between two groups, and the Friedman test was used to compare relevant samples across multiple groups. Results A total of 230 new SARS-CoV-2 infections were reported among community sentinel residents in Baoshan District in 2023, with a cumulative number of infections reaching 938. Among these cases, there were 31 reinfections, indicating a reinfection rate of 3.30% (95% CI: 2.72%-3.89%). The number of new infections was highest in January (167 cases), all being primary infections. There was a small peak of infection from May to August, mainly consisting of reinfections. The number of infections gradually decreased from September to October. There was no significant difference in reinfection rates between different genders, ages, occupations, and whether they had underlying diseases (all P>0.05). The median interval between reinfection and primary infection was 209 (86) days. The main clinical manifestations of reinfection included fever (67.74%), cough (61.29%), and sore throat (48.39%), with antigens turning negative within a median time of 4(2) days. Residents vaccinated with ≥3 doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine exhibited higher neutralizing antibody levels compared to those with fewer doses (P<0.05). Conclusions Reinfections of SARS-CoV-2 in Baoshan District of Shanghai tend to occur 6-7 months post-primary infection, predominantly presenting with mild symptoms. Comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination enhances long-term protective immunity via neutralizing antibodies.

Objective To understand the serotypes, molecular typing characteristics, and drug resistance of Salmonella in food surveillance and case surveillance in Cangzhou City from 2021 to 2023, and to provide the reference for reducing and controlling the prevalence of drug-resistant strains of Salmonella. Methods Food samples and foodborne disease active surveillance samples were collected from 2021 to 2023 in Cangzhou City, Salmonella strains were isolated, drug sensitivity tests were carried out using an automatic drug sensitizer, diagnostic sera were serotyped, and molecular typing was performed by whole genome sequencing. Results A total of 84 strains of Salmonella were detected in 1 258 samples, the detection rate was 6.7%. There were 26 serotypes, among which Salmonella typhimurium (2.1%), Salmonella enteritidis (1.5%), and Salmonella Kentucky (0.5%) had higher detection rates. Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella Kentucky, and other Salmonella were resistant to 13, 12, 13, and 13 kinds of antibiotics, respectively. The resistance to ampicillin was the highest in 84 strains (76.2%), followed by tetracycline (61.9%) and streptomycin (47.6%), and polymyxine E and tigacycline were the most sensitive (0.0%). Based on the cluster analysis of wgSNP (whole gene single nucleotide polymorphism), there were two dominant typing groups, namely ST34 and ST11, there were homologous strains, but the drug resistance spectrum was not exactly the same. Conclusions Food-borne and human-borne Salmonella in Cangzhou exhibit drug resistance and multidrug resistance. The molecular typing is polymorphic and demonstrates significant superiority. It is imperative for relevant departments to enhance monitoring efforts to anticipate the emergence and prevalence of drug-resistant strains of Salmonella.