慢性心力衰竭患者营养风险现状及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0511

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析慢性心力衰竭患者营养风险现状及其影响因素。方法以2019年12月至2023年12月海口市2家医院收治的的II~IV级的慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,收集患者一般资料、疾病资料,采用心力衰竭患者的特异性微型营养评价量表（MNA-HF）评估患者营养风险,采用单因素及多因素分析慢性心力衰竭患者出现营养风险的影响因素。结果共纳入2 135例慢性心力衰竭患者,其中营养正常为698例（32.69%）,存在营养风险为914例（42.81%）,营养不良为523例（24.49%）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄（OR=2.821）、BMI（OR=0.325）、居住方式（OR=0.561）、NYHA心功能分级（OR=2.102）、水肿（OR=2.494）、ADL（OR=0.536）、EAT-26（OR=2.499）、LVPW（OR=1.960）、Hb（OR=0.429）、Alb（OR=0.365）、CRP（OR=2.106）与慢性心力衰竭患者出现营养风险有关。结论慢性心力衰竭患者营养不良风险较高,受个体年龄、心功能、水肿、饮食情况、炎症状态、居住方式、日常活动能力等多种因素影响,临床应重视对慢性心力衰竭患者的营养风险筛查评估及营养干预。

关键词: 慢性心力衰竭, 营养风险, 影响因素, 特异性微型营养评价量表

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of nutritional risk in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods From December 2019 to December 2023,patients with grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ chronic heart failure admitted to two hospitals in Haikou City were selected for this study. The general information and disease data of patients were collected. The Mini-Nutrition Assessment Special for Heart Failure （MNA-HF） was used to evaluate the nutritional risk of patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the independent influencing factors of nutritional risk in patients with chronic heart failure. Results A total of 2 135 patients with chronic heart failure were enrolled,of whom 698 （32.69%） had normal nutrition,914 （42.81%） had nutritional risk,and 523 （24.49%） had malnutrition. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.821）,BMI （OR=0.325）,place of residence （OR=0.561）,NYHA cardiac function classification （OR=2.102）,edema （OR=2.494）,activity of daily living （OR=0.536）,eating attitude test score （OR=2.499）,thickness of posterior wall of left ventricle （OR=1.960）,hemoglobin （OR=0.429）,albumin （OR=0.365）,and C-reactive protein （OR=2.106） were associated with nutritional risk in patients with chronic heart failure. Conclusions The risk of malnutrition in patients with chronic heart failure is high,which is affected by individual age,cardiac function,edema,diet,inflammatory state,living style,daily activity ability,and other factors. Clinical attention should be paid to nutritional risk assessment and nutritional intervention in patients with chronic heart failure.

Key words: Chronic heart failure, Nutritional risk, Influencing factor, Mini-Nutrition Assessment

中图分类号:

R541.6

曾德菲, 蔡小霞, 魏俊萍, 邢孔玉, 李闰梅. 慢性心力衰竭患者营养风险现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(6): 511-516.

ZENG Defei, CAI Xiaoxia, WEI Junping, XING Kongyu, LI Runmei. Status and influencing factors of nutritional risk in patients with chronic heart failure[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(6): 511-516.

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