2023年南京市通江河道血吸虫病传播风险评估

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.410

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的评估2023年南京市通江河道血吸虫病的传播风险,为强化通江河道地区血吸虫病防控措施和降低传播风险提供依据。方法在南京市滁河、便民河和水阳江3条通江河道地区开展钉螺监测、人畜活动情况调查及传染源监测,分析通江河道的血吸虫病传播风险因素,采用三维风险矩阵法对其进行风险等级评估。结果在通江河道12个环境开展钉螺监测,活螺平均密度0.20只/框,未发现感染性钉螺。共10个环境有人群活动,共4个环境有牛羊放牧情况。对通江河道沿岸的居民开展血吸虫病筛查共7 273人,血检阳性率2.17%。对捡获的57份野粪均进行毛蚴孵化法检测,未检出阳性。共捕获野鼠31只,野鼠密度2.58%。三维风险矩阵评估结果显示,栖霞区便民河和六合区滁河为中等风险,高淳区水阳江为高风险。结论南京市通江河道的血吸虫病传播风险的因素依然存在,便民河和滁河为中等风险,水阳江为高风险。建议相关部门加强通江河道的环境综合治理,强化区域联防联控,同时还需完善血吸虫病监测体系,及时发现和消除潜在的传播风险。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 通江河道, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the risk of schistosomiasis transmission in river channels connecting the Yangtze River in Nanjing City,so as to provide evidence for strengthening the control measures and reducing the risk of schistosomiasis transmission. Methods Snail monitoring,human and animal activity investigation,and infection source monitoring were carried out to grasp the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in river channels connecting the Yangtze River in Nanjing City,including Chu River,Bianmin River,and Shuiyang River. The risk level was evaluated by the three-dimensional risk matrix method. Results Snail monitoring was carried out in 12 environments in river channels connecting the Yangtze River,and the average density of live snails was 0.20/frame,and no infectious snails were found. The inspection along the river found that there were 10 environments with crowd activities and 4 environments with cattle and sheep grazing. A total of 7 273 residents along the river were investigated for schistosomiasis,with a positive rate of 2.17%. A total of 57 samples of wild feces were detected by miracidium hatching method,and no positive results were detected. A total of 31 wild mice were captured with a density of 2.58%. The results of three-dimensional risk matrix evaluation showed that the Bianmin River in Qixia District and the Chu River in Liuhe District were medium risk,and the Shuiyang River in Gaochun District was high risk. Conclusions The risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in river channels connecting the Yangtze River in Nanjing City still exist. The risk levels of the Bianmin River and the Chu River are medium,and the Shuiyang River is high. Competent authorities are advised to strengthen the comprehensive environmental management,and strengthen regional joint prevention and control. Meanwhile,it is necessary to improve the schistosomiasis surveillance system to detect and eliminate potential transmission risks in time.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, River channels connecting the Yangtze River, Risk assessment

中图分类号:

R183.9

王毓, 谢朝勇, 杨佩才. 2023年南京市通江河道血吸虫病传播风险评估[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(5): 410-414.

WANG Yu, XIE Chaoyong, YANG Peicai. Risk assessment of schistosomiasis transmission in river channels connecting the Yangtze River in Nanjing City,2023[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(5): 410-414.

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