关键词: 铁缺乏, 缺铁性贫血, 孕期, 血清铁蛋白, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the incidence and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia （IDA） in pregnant women. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among pregnant women who first established fertility records in a hospital in Zhuzhou City from March 2019 to February 2020. Hemoglobin （Hb） and serum ferritin （SF） were detected. Descriptive epidemiological method was used for analysis, and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors of IDA. Results A total of 1 624 pregnant women aged 21-43 （mean, 28.72 ± 4.69） years were investigated. The proportion of the educational level of secondary specialized school or high school, the annual family income of 80-190 thousand yuan, and primipara were 50.00%, 45.07% and 55.36%, respectively. 176 cases of IDA were diagnosed, the incidence rate was 10.84%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the pregnant women with 30-34 years old,35-39 years old and over 40 years old （OR=4.998, 10.455, 7.745）, annual family income <80,000 yuan （OR=2.134）, second and third trimesters of pregnancy （OR=1.728, 4.315）, live in the suburbs （OR=3.027）, multipara （OR=6.197）, abortion 1-2 and ≥3 times （OR=2.139, 12.203）, incorrect eating habits （OR=2.055）, iron supplementation ≤1 time per week （OR=14.939） had a higher risk of IDA, and those with a secondary specialized school or high school education level （OR=0.277, 0.570） had a lower risk of IDA. Conclusion IDA is common among pregnant women in Zhuzhou City, and it can be affected by many factors such as age, gestational age, education level, family income, living environment, abortion, delivery history, dietary structure and iron supplementation during pregnancy. It is necessary to strengthen pregnancy health education to ensure the maternal and child health.

Key words: Iron deficiency, Iron deficiency anemia, Pregnancy, Serum ferritin, Influencing factor