新疆维吾尔自治区结核潜伏感染者对预防性治疗的认知态度分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0851

华南预防医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 851-856.doi: 10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0851

新疆维吾尔自治区结核潜伏感染者对预防性治疗的认知态度分析

王森路¹, 黄涛¹, 菅辉勇^1,2, 刘年强³, 古扎丽努尔·艾则孜³, 王丽霞⁴, 冯建宇⁵, 王新旗^2,3, 加依那提·金格斯¹, 克地尔叶克孜·吾甫尔¹, 曹明芹¹

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830017;
2.巴音郭楞蒙古自治州疾病预防控制中心;
3.新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心;
4.昌吉回族自治州疾病预防控制中心;
5.阿克苏地区疾病预防控制中心

收稿日期:2024-11-06 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-09-16
通讯作者: 曹明芹,E-mail：573596229@qq.com
作者简介:王森路（1987—）,男,硕士研究生,副主任医师,研究方向：结核病防治;黄涛（1999—）,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向：公共卫生;王森路和黄涛同为第一作者
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目（2023D01C57）; “天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划（TSYC202301B166）

Cognitive attitudes toward preventive treatment among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

WANG Senlu¹, HUANG Tao¹, JIAN Huiyong^1,2, LIU Nianqiang³, GUZHALINUER Aizezi³, WANG Lixia⁴, FENG Jianyu⁵, WANG Xinqi^2,3, JIAYINATI Jingesi¹, KEDIERYEKEZI Wufuer¹, CAO Mingqin¹

1. School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830017, China;
2. Bayingolin Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
3. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
4. Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
5. Akesu Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Received:2024-11-06 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-09-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）结核潜伏感染（latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI）者对预防性治疗的认知态度,为进一步在当地推广预防性治疗提供科学依据。方法选取新疆结核病高负担和中低负担地区活动性结核病患者密切接触者中的LTBI者为研究对象开展问卷调查。采用单、多因素分析影响LTBI者预防性治疗意愿的相关因素。结果本研究共纳入LTBI者655例,男女性别比为1∶1.20;平均年龄为（50.59±18.30）岁。76.03%（498例）的LTBI者对结核病防治核心知识及LTBI相关知识认知好,不同职业、文化程度、来源地、是否参加过相关健康教育活动、是否愿意接受预防性治疗的认知情况存在差异（均P<0.05）。认知好的LTBI者中80.52%（401例）表示愿意接受预防性治疗。单因素分析结果显示不同性别、年龄组、文化程度、家庭年总收入、来源地、是否参加过相关健康教育活动对预防性治疗接受意愿存在差异（均P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果发现未参加过相关健康教育活动（OR=0.457）、年龄≥65岁（OR=0.302）、大专或本科及以上文化程度（OR=0.120）、家庭年总收入>6万元（OR=0.368）的LTBI者接受预防性治疗的可能性更低。“担心被人误会已经患结核病”（42.17%）、“担心预防性治疗过程中会出现不良反应”（34.34%）、“担心影响正常生活、社交和工作等”（28.31%）为认知好的LTBI者对预防性治疗主要担忧的问题。结论新疆LTBI者对相关知识认知水平较低,但认知好的LTBI者对预防性治疗接受度较高。因此加强对LTBI者结核病防治知识宣传和科普,将有助于提高其对预防性治疗的接受度。

关键词: 肺结核, 结核潜伏感染者, 预防性治疗, 认知态度

Abstract: Objective To analyze the cognitive attitudes regarding preventive treatment among latent tuberculosis infection patients in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), with the aim of providing a scientific basis for further promotion of preventive treatment in the region. Methods Individuals with LTBI were selected from close contacts of patients with active tuberculosis residing in high and medium-low burden areas of Xinjiang. A structured questionnaire survey was administered. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the willingness of LTBI patients to accept preventive therapy. Results A total of 655 LTBI patients were enrolled in this study, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.20 and a mean age of (50.59 ± 18.30) years. Of the participants, 76.03% (n=498) demonstrated good knowledge of key tuberculosis control information, including LTBI-related knowledge. Significant variations in knowledge levels were observed across different occupational groups, educational backgrounds, geographical origins, participation in health education activities, and willingness to accept preventive therapy (all P<0.05). Among those with better knowledge, 80.52% (n=401) expressed willingness to receive preventive therapy. Univariate analysis indicated that gender, age group, educational attainment, annual household income, place of origin, and participation in relevant health education activities were all significantly associated with willingness to accept preventive therapy (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals who didn't have participate in relevant health education activities (OR=0.457), aged ≥65 years (OR=0.302), with a junior college degree or above (OR=0.120), and with annual household income greater than 60, 000 yuan (OR=0.368) were less likely to accept preventive therapy. The main concerns among those with good knowledge regarding preventive therapy were: fear of being mistakenly perceived as having active tuberculosis (42.17%), concerns about potential adverse effects during preventive therapy (34.34%), and worries about disruptions to normal life, social interactions, and work (28.31%). Conclusions The overall level of knowledge regarding LTBI and its prevention is relatively low among individuals in Xinjiang;however, acceptance of preventive treatment is significantly higher among those with greater knowledge. Therefore, enhancing the dissemination and popularization of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among individuals with LTBI is likely to facilitate greater acceptance of preventive therapy in this population.

Key words: Tuberculosis, LTBI patients, Preventive treatment, Cognitive attitudes

中图分类号:

R195.4

王森路, 黄涛, 菅辉勇, 刘年强, 古扎丽努尔·艾则孜, 王丽霞, 冯建宇, 王新旗, 加依那提·金格斯, 克地尔叶克孜·吾甫尔, 曹明芹. 新疆维吾尔自治区结核潜伏感染者对预防性治疗的认知态度分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(8): 851-856.

WANG Senlu, HUANG Tao, JIAN Huiyong, LIU Nianqiang, GUZHALINUER Aizezi, WANG Lixia, FENG Jianyu, WANG Xinqi, JIAYINATI Jingesi, KEDIERYEKEZI Wufuer, CAO Mingqin. Cognitive attitudes toward preventive treatment among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(8): 851-856.

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新疆维吾尔自治区结核潜伏感染者对预防性治疗的认知态度分析

Cognitive attitudes toward preventive treatment among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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