百色市≥50岁中老年人艾滋病/结核双重感染者生存分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2026.0155

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析1997—2023年百色市≥50岁人类免疫缺陷病毒合并结核感染（HIV-TB双重感染）患者的生存状况及其影响因素。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的艾滋病防治基本信息系统导出百色市1997—2023年HIV感染患者数据,与结核病综合防治信息系统中报告的肺结核病例进行匹配,筛选出≥50岁HIV-TB双重感染者,采用寿命表法计算生存率,Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox比例风险回归模型分析HIV-TB双重感染者生存时间影响因素。结果 1997—2023年百色市≥50岁HIV-TB双重感染者445例,因艾滋病相关疾病死亡199例,病死率为44.72%。患者确诊HIV-TB双重感染时年龄中位数为60（54,67）岁,中位生存时间78（95% CI：61.687~93.423）个月。1~6年累积生存率分别为78.70%、70.62%、62.51%、56.97%、54.44%、52.27%。经多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果显示：男性（HR=1.545,95% CI：1.019~2.345）、年龄≥70岁（HR=1.543,95% CI：1.023~2.322）、初中以下文化程度（HR=1.448,95% CI：1.068~1.964）、未进行抗病毒治疗（HR=5.627,95% CI：4.150~7.629）的HIV-TB双重感染者死亡风险较高。结论 HIV-TB双重感染的中老年人生存时间较短,特别是男性、≥70岁、文化水平低及未接受抗病毒治疗的双重感染患者,需要针对性地开展宣传教育,加强中老年人群健康监测管理,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,降低中老年HIV-TB双重感染患者的死亡风险,提升中老年HIV-TB双重感染患者的生存时间。

关键词: HIV-TB双重感染, 中老年人, 生存分析, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the survival status and associated factors among patients aged ≥50 years with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection (HIV-TB coinfection) in Baise City from 1997 to 2023. Methods Data of patients with HIV infection in Baise from 1997 to 2023 were extracted from the Basic Information System for AIDS Prevention and Control within the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. These data were matched with reported pulmonary tuberculosis cases from the Comprehensive Information System for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control to identify HIV-TB coinfected individuals aged ≥50 years. The life table method was utilized to calculate survival rates, the Kaplan-Meier method was employed to plot survival curves, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the survival time of this patient cohort. Results A total of 445 cases of HIV-TB coinfection in individuals aged ≥50 years were identified in Baise City from 1997 to 2023. Among these, 199 deaths were attributed to AIDS-related illnesses, resulting in a case fatality rate of 44.72%. The median age at diagnosis of HIV-TB coinfection was 60 (Interquartile Range:54, 67) years, and the median survival time was 78 months (95% CI:61.687-93.423). The cumulative survival rates for years 1 through 6 were 78.70%, 70.62%, 62.51%, 56.97%, 54.44%, and 52.27%, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis indicated a higher risk of mortality among HIV-TB coinfection patients who were male (HR=1.545, 95% CI:1.019-2.345), aged ≥70 years (HR=1.543, 95% CI:1.023-2.322), had an educational level below junior high school (HR=1.448, 95% CI:1.068-1.964), and had not received antiretroviral therapy (HR=5.627, 95% CI:4.150-7.629). Conclusion Middle-aged and elderly individuals with HIV-TB coinfection exhibit short survival times, particularly those who are male, aged ≥70 years, have a low educational level, or have not received antiretroviral therapy. It is imperative to implement targeted health education campaigns, enhance health monitoring and management for the middle-aged and elderly population to ensure early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. These measures are crucial for reducing the mortality risk and extending the survival duration of older patients with HIV-TB coinfection.

Key words: HIV-TB coinfection, Middle-aged and elderly, Survival analysis, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R183.3

李思璇, 刘蕊, 何筱婷, 谭兰芬, 陈坚. 百色市≥50岁中老年人艾滋病/结核双重感染者生存分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2026, 52(2): 155-159.

Li Sixuan, Liu Rui, He Xiaoting, Tan Lanfen, Chen Jian. Survival analysis of HIV/tuberculosis coinfection in middle-aged and elderly individuals aged ≥50 years in Baise[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2026, 52(2): 155-159.

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