Abstract: Objective To investigate the first lactation time and related factors of parturients, so as to provide reference for postpartum lactation guidance. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on parturients who were hospitalized and delivered in two hospitals in Dazu District of Chongqing from January to December 2020. The basic situation and feeding related factors of parturients were collected, and the first lactation time of parturients was followed up. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the time of postpartum first lactation, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of postpartum first lactation time. Results A total of 671 parturients were included in the study, aged 21-43 years old, with an average of （31.6±2.9） years old. Among them, 438 were primipara and 233 were multipara; 642 were single births and 29 were twins; 512 were vaginal deliveries and 159 were cesarean deliveries. There were 329, 176, 105 and 61 parturients （49.03%, 26.23%, 15.65% and 9.09% respectively） had the first lactation time < 24 h, 24 - <48 h, 48- <72 h and ≥72 h. Ordered multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years old （OR=1.895）, multiparity （OR=0.689）, gestational week of delivery≥ 37 weeks （OR=0.498）, cesarean section （OR=1.637）, sunken/flat nipples （OR=2.565）, mother and baby in the same room （OR=0.520）, the first breast sucking time ≥30 min （OR=2.787）, and the more times of sucking breasts per day （OR=0.845） were the influencing factors of the first lactation time of parturients. Conclusion The proportion of postpartum first lactation time < 24 h in Dazu District of Chongqing is large. The first lactation time is affected by age, parity, gestational week of delivery, delivery method, sunken/flat nipples, the same room with mother and baby, the time of first breast sucking and times of sucking breasts per day. Pre-pregnancy and prenatal education should be strengthened to encourage vaginal delivery, early postpartum contact, early sucking, and more sucking, promote lactation and increase breastfeeding rate, and then promote maternal and infant health.

Key words: Parturient, Postpartum, Lactation, Breast feeding, Influencing factor