Abstract: Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of screening compliance in high-risk populations of lung cancer in Guangzhou, and to analyze the results of lung cancer screening. Methods Permanent residents in Guangzhou from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, collect their social demographic data and lung cancer risk factors, and screen out high-risk populations of lung cancer. The high-risk population of lung cancer was scanned with low-dose spiral CT （LDCT） by professional radiologists and diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the screening compliance and screening results of high-risk populations, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of screening compliance of high-risk populations of lung cancer. Results Among 17 980 residents, the high-risk rate of lung cancer was 19.96% （3 589/17 980）, and the compliance rate of LDCT screening was 34.99% （1 256/3 589）. The diagnostic rate of lung cancer in 3 589 high-risk persons was 2.17% （78/3 589）, of which 61.54% （48/78） were male, 38.46% （30/78） were female, 17.95% （14/78） were 40 to 50 years old, 33.33% （26/78） were 51 to 60 years old, and 48.72% （38/78） were 61 to 74 years old. Logistic regression analysis showed that the high-risk populations of lung cancer with female （OR=2.130）, older （OR=1.408）, body mass index ≥ 24.0 kg/m² （OR=2.349, 2.375）, technical secondary school education or above （OR=2.008, 3.251）, alcohol consumption （OR=1.498）, smoking （OR=2.239）, passive smoking （OR=2.428）, family history of lung cancer （OR=2.081）, history of chronic respiratory diseases （OR=2.006）, and infrequent exercise （OR=2.130） had higher screening compliance. Conclusions The screening compliance of high-risk populations of lung cancer in Guangzhou is generally low. Age, education level, and family history are all related to screening compliance. High-risk screening of lung cancer is helpful for early diagnosis of lung cancer and related diseases, and improves the quality of life of people.

Key words: High-risk screening of lung cancer, Compliance, Influencing factor, Quality of life