Abstract: Objective To understand the use of vitamin D （VD） supplements in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and explore factors influencing the VD supplement use. Method A cross?sectional survey was conducted among students of the second?grade in primary school， the first?grade in junior high school， and the first?grade in senior high school from 39 schools in Guangzhou. The survey included students' basic information， height， weight and the use of VD supplements， the educational level of parents and the average monthly per capita household income. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing VD supplement use. Results A total of 14 038 students were included in the study， including 7 178 boys （51.13%） and 6 860 girls （48.87%）. The utilization rates of VD supplements were 17.8%（2 500/14 038） among all the respondents， and 28.5% （544/1 910）， 19.7% （1 240/6 308） and 12.3% （716/5 820） for the second?grade students in primary school， first?grade students in junior high school and first?grade students in senior high school， respectively （P＜0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the utilization rate of VD supplements was higher in the first?grade junior high school （OR＝1.63） and first?grade senior high school （OR＝1.64） students whose parents' educational level was college and above， compared with the students whose parents' educational level was junior high school and below. Compared with those whose average monthly per capita household income was below 5 000 Yuan， the utilization rates of VD supplements for first?grade junior high school students whose average monthly per capita household income was ≥10 000 Yuan was higher （OR＝1.50）. Among the second?grade primary school students， overweight and obese students were less likely to use VD supplements than the normal weight ones （OR＝0.73）.Conclusion The use rate of VD supplements in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou was low， and parents’ educational level and family income may be the factors influencing the use of VD supplements. The use of VD supplements should be increased appropriately for senior and overweight or obese students.