Abstract: Objective To investigate the oral health status of children aged 6-12 years in Beijing and its influencing factors, and to provide information basis for the effective implementation of oral health care for children. Methods Children aged 6-12 years from three districts of Beijing （Shijingshan District, Mentougou District, and Haidian District） were selected as subjects by multi‐stage stratified cluster sampling method from April to May 2022. The oral health status of the subjects was investigated according to the diagnostic criteria of the 4th National Oral Health Epidemiological Investigation. Results A total of 11 844 children aged 6-12 years were investigated in this study, including 6 151 boys （51.93%） and 5 693 girls （48.07%）. There were 6 091 children with oral health problems （51.43%）, dental caries detection rate 40.16%,caries filling rate 15.75%, pit and fissure sealing rate 4.29%, gingival bleeding detection rate 47.14%, dental calculus detection rate 40.11%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=0.209）, less brushing times （OR=7.396）, regular oral examination （OR=1.499）, higher frequency of eating sweets （OR=1.319）, cleaning teeth after meals （OR=0.267）, parental supervision of brushing （OR=0.230）, and parental culture the higher the degree （OR=0.305） was an independent factor of oral health problems in children aged 6-12 years. Conclusions The incidence of dental caries in children aged 6-12 years in Beijing is high but the filling rate is low, gingival bleeding and dental calculus detection rate are high, and the oral health status is not optimistic. Age, the frequency of brushing, whether to check the oral cavity regularly, the frequency of eating sweets, and the situation of brushing supervised by parents are all independent factors affecting oral health in children aged 6-12 years, which should be paid attention to by parents and society.

Key words: Children, Dental caries, Oral health, Epidemiological investigation