Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of gallstones in Dayi County, Chengdu City. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select local residents in Dayi County, Chengdu City from January 2021 to December 2022. All of them underwent abdominal color ultrasound examination, and their basic data were collected by questionnaire. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of gallstones, and the risk factors of gallstones were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 3 775 effective subjects were included, and 422 patients were diagnosed with gallstones, with an incidence rate of 11.18%, including 289 cases （7.66%） of cholecystolithiasis, 97 cases （2.57%） of calculus of common bile duct, and 44 cases （1.17%） of intrahepatic biliary stone. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female （OR=1.868）, frequent skipping breakfast （OR=8.619）, high-fat diet （OR=6.787）, high-sugar diet （OR=2.633）, frequent eating of animal viscera （OR=6.117）, long-term oral contraceptives （OR=2.239）, history of cholecystitis （OR=4.554）, history of diabetes （OR=3.031）, and family history of gallstones （OR=11.167） were risk factors for gallstones. Conclusions The incidence of gallstones is high in Dayi Couty, Chengdu City, and cholecystolithiasis is the most common. Female, frequent skipping breakfast, high-fat diet, high-sugar diet, frequent eating of animal viscera, long-term oral contraceptives, history of cholecystitis, history of diabetes, and family history of gallstones are the risk factors for gallstones.

Key words: Gallstone, Risk factor, Current status