Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of readmission in patients with chronic heart failure within one year after discharge. Methods Patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized in Huai‘an Second People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected for this study. The patients were followed up for one year. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the readmission status of the population within one year after discharge, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of readmission. Results A total of 981 patients with chronic heart failure were included in this study, of which 479 patients were readmitted for treatment within one year after discharge, with a readmission rate of 48.83%. Multivariate analysis showed that in crease of age （OR=1.587）, body mass index ≥ 28.0 kg/m² （OR=3.177）, course of disease （1-<5 years OR=1.562, ≥5 years OR=2.538）, cardiac function grade at discharge （grade Ⅲ OR=1.505, grade Ⅳ OR=2.097）, living alone （OR=2.583）, hypertension （OR=1.491）, coronary heart disease （OR=3.107）, dyslipidemia （OR=3.002）, poor drug compliance （OR=5.149）, irregular follow-up （OR=1.893）, failure to adhere to a low sodium diet （OR=1.491）, failure to adhere to water restriction （OR=2.010）, and self-perceived burden （moderate burden OR=3.965, severe burden OR=4.590） were influencing factors for patients with chronic heart failure to be readmitted within one year after discharge. Conclusion The readmission rate of patients with chronic heart failure within one year after discharge is high, which is influenced by multiple factors such as age, obesity, course of disease, and cardiac function grade at discharge.

Objective To investigate the blood glucose control related behaviors of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their maternal and infant outcomes, and analyze the influencing factors leading to adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Methods The pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus who had established prenatal examination files and delivered in three hospitals in Hainan Province from January 2020 to June 2022 were selected for this study. The related data of pregnant women and newborns were collected through questionnaires and prenatal examination follow-up. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the adverse maternal and infant outcomes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Results A total of 1 036 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were included in this study. There were 263 cases with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, accounting for 25.39%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=1.045）, pre-pregnancy BMI≥28.0 kg/m² （OR=2.431）, pregnancy weight gain lower than the recommended standard （OR=2.485）, pregnancy weight gain higher than the recommended standard （OR=2.330）, two abnormal OGTT indicators （OR=1.673）, three abnormal OGTT indicators （OR=4.869）, diet control （OR=0.302）, exercise therapy （OR=0.583）, drug therapy （OR=0.453）, substandard blood glucose control （OR=3.687）, gestational hypertension （OR=1.901）, and gestational hypothyroidism （OR=2.346） were influencing factors for adverse maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusions The incidence of adverse maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is high. Age, pre-pregnancy obesity, pregnancy weight gain below or exceeding the recommended standard, two or three abnormal OGTT indicators, substandard blood glucose control, gestational hypertension, and gestational hypothyroidism are risk factors, and dietary control, exercise therapy, and drug therapy are protective factors.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of gallstones in Dayi County, Chengdu City. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select local residents in Dayi County, Chengdu City from January 2021 to December 2022. All of them underwent abdominal color ultrasound examination, and their basic data were collected by questionnaire. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of gallstones, and the risk factors of gallstones were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 3 775 effective subjects were included, and 422 patients were diagnosed with gallstones, with an incidence rate of 11.18%, including 289 cases （7.66%） of cholecystolithiasis, 97 cases （2.57%） of calculus of common bile duct, and 44 cases （1.17%） of intrahepatic biliary stone. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female （OR=1.868）, frequent skipping breakfast （OR=8.619）, high-fat diet （OR=6.787）, high-sugar diet （OR=2.633）, frequent eating of animal viscera （OR=6.117）, long-term oral contraceptives （OR=2.239）, history of cholecystitis （OR=4.554）, history of diabetes （OR=3.031）, and family history of gallstones （OR=11.167） were risk factors for gallstones. Conclusions The incidence of gallstones is high in Dayi Couty, Chengdu City, and cholecystolithiasis is the most common. Female, frequent skipping breakfast, high-fat diet, high-sugar diet, frequent eating of animal viscera, long-term oral contraceptives, history of cholecystitis, history of diabetes, and family history of gallstones are the risk factors for gallstones.

Objective To investigate the demand and utilization of health services of the elderly population, and analyze related influencing factors, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for health policy and planning. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the demand and utilization of health services among permanent residents ≥60 years old in Baoding City from June to December 2022. The 2-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, 2-week visit rate, and 1-year hospitalization rate were analyzed by descriptive analysis, and the related influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 2 613 elderly people were surveyed, with a 2-week prevalence rate of 46.57%, a 2-week visit rate of 30.46%, a chronic disease prevalence rate of 63.22%, and a 1-year hospitalization rate of 13.09%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.056）, number of chronic diseases （OR=3.483）, regular physical examination （OR=0.532）, daily living ability （OR=2.841）, and self-assessment of health status （OR=3.084） had a significant impact on the 2-week prevalence rate of the elderly. Education level （OR=1.379）, number of chronic diseases （OR=2.261）, per capita monthly income （OR=4.362）, medical insurance （OR=3.031）, regular physical examination （OR=0.584）, self-assessment of health status （OR=1.878）, and 2-week illness （OR=14.688） had a significant impact on the 2-week visit rate of the elderly. Conclusions The elderly in Baoding have a high demand for health services, but they are not fully utilized. Health services should focus on the elderly who are poor, elderly, combined chronic diseases, and have poor ability to take care of themselves, give full play to the role of primary medical institutions, improve the social pension insurance system, and improve the utilization rate of health services for the elderly.

Objective To study the incidence of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn and analyze the relationship between ABO hemolytic disease of newborn and prenatal antibody titer of maternal. Methods From January 2021 to December 2022, women with O blood group who were incompatible with their husband and gave birth in Haikou Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Danzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected for this study. The antibody titer was determined by anti-human globulin microcolumn gel method. ?After delivery, ABO hemolytic disease of newborn was detected and analyzed, and the relationship between ABO hemolytic disease of newborn and prenatal antibody titer of O blood maternal was analyzed. Results A total of 1 006 effective subjects were obtained, with an effective rate of 91.70%. There were 398 cases of O-A type, 371 cases of O-B type, and 237 cases of O-AB type in couples, accounting for 39.56%, 36.88%, and 23.56%, respectively. The distribution of IgG antibody titer in serum of pregnant women ≤1∶32, 1∶64, 1∶128, 1∶256, 1∶512, and>1∶512 accounted for 17.20%, 22.56%, 20.38%, 22.37%, 10.04%, and 7.46%, respectively. There were 251 cases of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn were detected, with a positive rate of 24.95%. The positive rates of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn of couple blood type O-A, O-B, and O-AB were 22.36%, 24.26% and 30.38%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between groups （P>0.05）. The detection rate of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn with IgG antibody titer distribution ≤1∶32, 1∶64, 1∶128, 1∶256, 1∶512, and >1∶512 in maternal serum were 0.00%, 11.45%, 32.68%, 38.67%, 39.60% and 41.33%, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IgG antibody titer （OR=2.415, 95% CI：1.329-5.974） of pregnant women was a related factor of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn. Conclusions ABO hemolytic disease of newborn is closely related to the prenatal antibody titer of O blood maternal. With the increase of antibody titer, the prevalence of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn increases. The blood type IgG antibody titer of pregnant women suggested to detect before delivery, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn.

Objective To investigate the osteoarthritis related knowledge, attitude, and behavior of knee osteoarthritis population, and provide basis for effective prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Methods A sample of patients with knee osteoarthritis who were treated in the outpatient department of a hospital in Shanghai from March 2020 to March 2023 were selected for this study. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate their osteoarthritis related knowledge, attitude, and behavior, and the status of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of osteoarthritis and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among patients with knee osteoarthritis, the average score of osteoarthritis knowledge dimension was （7.46±0.61）, and the pass rate was 77.45% （7 692/9 931）; the average score of attitude dimension was （5.26±0.33）, and the pass rate was 84.82% （8 423/9 931）; the average score of behavioral dimension was （3.78±0.32）, and the pass rate was 71.57% （7 108/9 931）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age （β'=-0.149）, educational level （β'=0.228）, access to medical knowledge （β'=0.185）, and acceptance of health education （β'=0.070） were the factors affecting the score of knowledge dimension. Age （β'=-0.150）, acceptance of health education （β'=0.874）, and knowledge dimension score （β'=0.925） were the factors affecting the score of attitude dimension. Age （β'=0.076）, educational level （β'=0.290）, acceptance of health education （β'=0.571）, knowledge dimension score （β'=0.455）, attitude dimension score （β'=0.476） were the factors affecting the score of behavioral dimension. Conclusions The knowledge and attitude levels of knee osteoarthritis population are relatively high, while the behavior level is relatively low. Age, educational level, access to medical knowledge, and health education are the influencing factors of osteoarthritis related knowledge, attitude, and behavior in knee osteoarthritis population.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic gastritis among physical examinees in Guangxi region and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was used to collect the data of the population who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of a tertiary A hospital in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from March 2021 to October 2022. According to the Chronic Gastritis Basic Diagnosis and Treatment Guide, patients with dyspepsia such as upper abdominal pain, early satiation, belching, and other dyspepsia and positive Helicobacter pylori （Hp） were further examined by gastroscopy to complete the diagnosis process of chronic gastritis. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the prevalence of chronic gastritis among the physical examinees, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of chronic gastritis. Results A total of 3 255 physical examinees were included in this study, including 1 717 males and 1 538 females, aged 22-68 years, with an average age of （50.12±13.32） years. Among them, 787 cases were diagnosed with chronic gastritis, with a prevalence of 24.18%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking （OR=2.428）, drinking （OR=1.973）, Hp infection （OR=2.150）, excessive salt intake （OR=2.891）, regular diet （OR=0.525）, and overeating （OR=2.331） were the influencing factors of chronic gastritis among the physical examinees. Conclusions The prevalence rate of chronic gastritis is higher among the physical examinees in Guangxi region. The influencing factors of chronic gastritis in this population are similar to other populations in China, and these factors should be paid attention to in practice.

Objective To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level or vitamin D receptor （VDR） gene polymorphism and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly women in Chengmai region. Methods Middle-aged and elderly women ≥45 years old who underwent physical examination in Chengmai County People's Hospital, Chengmai County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, and Yongfa Health Center in Chengmai County from December 2019 to December 2022 were selected for this study. Baseline data of the study subjects were collected, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, VDR gene polymorphism, and bone mineral density were detected. The association between VDR gene polymorphism or 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and bone mineral density was analyzed. Results A total of 3 016 middle-aged and elderly women were included, aged 45-77 years, with an average age of （60.98±8.46） years. There were 1 900 cases with abnormal bone mineral density, accounting for 63.00%. There were significant differences in bone mineral density among different age, BMI, hypertension, menopause, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D level （all P<0.01）. VDR gene polymorphism detection results showed that there were polymorphisms at ApaI, FokI, and TaqI loci of VDR genes in middle-aged and elderly women in Chengmai region, and the genotypes of ApaI, FokI, and TaqI loci were AA/Aa/aa, FF/Ff/ff, TT/Tt/tt, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that aged 65 and over （OR=3.931）, BMI overweight/obesity （OR=2.171）, combined hypertension （OR=1.634）, menopause （OR=2.413）, 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency （OR=3.086）, VDR ApaI genotype AA （OR=2.307）, FokI genotype ff （OR=2.494）, and TaqI genotype TT （OR=2.784） were associated with abnormal bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly women. Conclusion The incidence of abnormal bone mineral density is high in middle-aged and elderly women in Chengmai region, and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and VDR gene polymorphism are closely related to bone mineral density.

Objective To analyze the case characteristics of osteoporotic fractures and influencing factors of postoperative prognosis, and to provide reference for promoting the rehabilitation of osteoporotic fracture. Methods Patients with osteoporotic fractures diagnosed and treated in a specialized hospital in Zhengzhou from January 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022 were selected for this study. The basic information and clinical related indicators of the patients were investigated, and their postoperative prognosis were evaluated at eight months after discharge through follow-up. The characteristics of the patients were analyzed using a descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of postoperative prognosis of osteoporotic fracture were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 1 276 osteoporotic fractures were included, of which 55.17% were female and 44.83% were male. The proportion of 65-78 years old was the highest, accounting for 44.98%. There were 44.59% patients with chronic diseases, including 207 cases of diabetes, 192 cases of hypertension, and 170 cases of dyslipidemia. There were 923 cases （72.34%） of low-energy injuries such as falls and tripped injuries, limb fractures accounted for the highest proportion, accounting for 48.51%, and closed fractures accounted for 69.04%, all of which were treated with surgical reduction. Serum osteocalcin （OC）, β isomerized C telopeptide （βCTX）, serum bone alkaline phosphatase （BALP）, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-（OH）D] were 38.48%, 39.42%, 43.03%, and 45.61%, respectively. Delayed healing occurred in 131 cases, with a delayed healing rate of 10.27%。 The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age （OR=2.214）, chronic disease （OR=3.228）, serum OC （OR=2.558）, βCTX （OR=2.154）, BALP （OR=1.520）, 25-（OH）D （OR=1.442）, bone mass loss （OR=2.331）, exercise self-efficacy （OR=0.614）, and calcium self-efficacy （OR=0.366） were the influencing factors of postoperative prognosis of osteoporotic fracture cases. Conclusions The proportion of osteoporotic fractures is higher in patients over 65 years old, mainly low energy injuries such as falls and tripped injuries, limb fractures are more common, and the incidence of postoperative delayed healing is higher. It is necessary to pay attention to high-risk patients, monitor serum bone biochemical metabolic markers, strengthen discharge guidance and follow-up, and promote the smooth rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infection and characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in a tertiary cancer hospital in Urumqi from 2018 to 2022. Methods The real-time monitoring system for nosocomial infection was used to obtain the incidence of infection during hospitalization of patients in a tertiary cancer hospital who stayed for ≥2 days from January 2018 to December 2022. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of nosocomial infection and the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria. Results From 2018 to 2022, a total of 6 647 cases were hospitalized in a tertiary cancer hospital, and 803 cases of nosocomial infection occurred, with an incidence of 12.08%. The incidence of nosocomial infection in 2021 and 2022 was lower than that in 2018, 2019, and 2020 （P<0.05）. The incidence of nosocomial infection in different years showed a downward trend （P<0.01）. A total of 1 067 strains of pathogens were detected in 803 patients with nosocomial infection, including 635 cases of single pathogen infection, 160 cases of double infection, and 8 cases of multiple infection. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in patients with nosocomial infection in terms of age, infection site, malignant tumor, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, types of antibiotics used, diabetes mellitus, nutritional risk, invasive operation, and hospitalization time （ P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Among 1 067 strains of pathogenic bacteria, 597 strains were Gram-negative, accounting for 55.95%, 320 strains were Gram-positive, accounting for 22.99%, and 150 strains were fungi, accounting for 14.06%. The top five pathogens were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus viridans. The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to levofloxacin, ampicillin, and cefuroxime axetil were 100.00%, 97.46%, and 65.68%, respectively. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin was 100.00%, followed by cefuroxime axetil and cefotetan, with resistance rates of 98.57% and 97.86%, respectively. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 90.60%, 48.72%, and 41.88%, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial infection in the tertiary cancer hospital decreased year by year. The pathogens were mainly gram-negative bacteria, and their distribution had obvious characteristics of age and infection site. It is suggested to formulate targeted preventive measures to control the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate the status of emergency response ability of medical staff in tertiary medical institutions in Wuhan region for public health emergencies and analyze relevant influencing factors, to provide theoretical basis for further improving the emergency response ability of relevant personnel for public health emergencies. Methods By convenient sampling method, 2 976 medical staff from three tertiary medical institutions in Wuhan were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on emergency response ability, emergency knowledge, and emergency attitude of public health emergencies. The demographic characteristics of medical staff were collected to analyze the influencing factors of emergency response ability. Results The average score of the emergency response ability of 2 976 medical staff for public health emergencies was （142.74±10.93） points, and the average score of the total items was （3.86±0.53） points. Among the scores of each dimension of emergency response ability, the item of protection ability had the highest average score, and the item of preparedness ability had the lowest average score. The emergency response ability of medical staff for public health emergencies was positively correlated with emergency knowledge and attitude （r=0.704, 0.513, both P<0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that major type （β'=0.821, 0.635, 0.524）, working years （β'=0.779）, participation in emergency training/drills （β'=2.278）, emergency knowledge （β'=1.349）, and emergency attitude （β'=1.125） were the main influencing factors affecting the emergency response ability of medical staff for public health emergencies. Conclusions The medical staff of tertiary medical institutions in this region lack emergency training/drills for public health emergencies and actual emergency work experience. It is necessary to strengthen emergency knowledge learning and improve cognitive level, so as to further improve the emergency response ability of medical staff.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of pulmonary nodules among community residents with high risk of lung cancer in Maanshan City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer in Maanshan City. Methods From June to November 2020, the community residents who participated in the high risk assessment of lung cancer in Maanshan City and underwent low-dose spiral computed tomography （LDCT） of lung were selected as the subjects. The prevalence of pulmonary nodules was statistically described by a univariate analysis, and the influencing factors of pulmonary nodules were screened by a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results In this study, 2 289 subjects were included, including 1 581 males （69.07%）, and 839 cases of pulmonary nodules were detected, with a detection rate of 36.65%. There were 293 cases of positive nodules （12.80%）, including 24 cases of suspected lung cancer （1.05%）. The detection rate of positive nodules was higher in males （38.02%） than in females （28.14%） （P<0.05）. The detection rate of positive nodules increased with age （P<0.05）. The detection rate of positive nodules was higher in those with incense burning habits （46.81%） than in those without incense burning habits （33.42%） （P<0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pulmonary nodules were more likely to be detected in those with incense burning habits （OR=1.361）, outdoor physical activity （OR=1.238）, and organic solvent exposure （OR=2.107）. Conclusions The detection rate of pulmonary nodules in high-risk groups of lung cancer is higher in Maanshan City, and the prevalence of pulmonary nodules varies across ages and genders. Incense burning habits, exposure to organic solvents, participation in outdoor physical activity, and other factors are strongly associated with pulmonary nodules and risk factors should be addressed with necessary interventions.

Objective To investigate the incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Women aged ≥45 years who underwent physical examination in the 908 Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the People's Liberation Army were selected for this study. The general information of the women was investigated by physical examination and questionnaire, and the bone mineral density of the total hip joint, proximal femur, and lumbar vertebra were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The incidence of osteoporosis in the women was determined, and the influencing factors of osteoporosis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results This study investigated a total of 1 518 women aged ≥ 45 years, with an average bone mineral density of （1.01±0.25） g/cm². A total of 487 cases were diagnosed as osteoporosis, accounting for 32.08%. Chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of osteoporosis among different groups in age, occupation, body mass index, smoking, drinking, times of production, hypertension, diabetes, vitamin D supplements, calcium, milk and dairy products, exercise, sleep, and menopause years （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years （OR=2.335）, obesity （OR=0.635）, vitamin D supplements ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.426）, calcium supplements ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.512）, milk and dairy products ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.714）, regular exercise （OR=0.417）, and menopausal years<10 years （OR=0.617） were influencing factors for osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women is high, and targeted intervention should be carried out according to the influencing factors obtained in the study to reduce the incidence of osteoporosis.

Objective To screen the high-risk population of stroke among the permanent residents aged ≥ 40 years in Haikou City, analyze the influencing factors affecting the detection of high-risk population of stroke, and provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods From June to October 2022, a multi-stage random sampling method was adopted in Haikou City to screen the high-risk population of stroke among permanent residents aged ≥40 years. The descriptive method was used to analyze the detection of high-risk population of stroke and the distribution of risk factors, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors for high-risk of stroke. Results This study screened 1 680 residents and detected a total of 356 high-risk individuals for stroke, with a detection rate of 21.19%. The risk factors in the high-risk population of stroke were lack of exercise （74.16%）, dyslipidemia （73.60%）, overweight or obesity （58.15%）, hypertension （55.06%）, smoking （45.51%）, diabetes （29.21%）, family history of stroke （10.39%）, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease （3.93%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male （OR=1.375）, age （OR=1.031）, average monthly income< 2 000 yuan （OR=2.101）, living in a city （OR=1.610） were influencing factors for high-risk of stroke. Conclusions The detection rate of high-risk population of stroke among residents in Haikou City is high. Lack of exercise and dyslipidemia were the main high-risk factors for residents in this area. Male, age, monthly income< 2 000 yuan, and city residence are the main factors affecting the detection of high-risk population of stroke.