Abstract: Objective To explore the occurrence, case characteristics and influencing factors of neonatal jaundice. Methods The data of newborns and their mothers from July 2018 to June 2020 in a hospital in Zhumadian City were analyzed. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the occurrence of neonatal jaundice, and single and multiple factor analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of neonatal jaundice. Results A total of 1 359 pairs of valid newborns and their mothers were collected. The age of the newborns was 2-24 days and the average age was （8.63±5.66） days. There were 681 baby boys and 678 baby girls. The maternal age was 22 - 36 years, the average age was （28.65±4.33） years, and the average pregnancy times was （1.03±0.68）. Jaundice occurred in 396 of 1 359 newborns （29.14%）, Among them, there were 246 cases of physiologic jaundice, the incidence rate was 18.10%; 150 cases of pathological jaundice, the incidence rate was 11.04%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed thatpremature delivery （OR=2.368）, pneumonia （OR=1.972）, hemolysis （OR=2.368）, G-6PD deficiency （OR=3.425）, hypoalbuminemia （OR=5.217）, thetime of the third stage of labor ≥ 25 min （OR=2.818） and during pregnancy with comorbidities （OR=2.433） of the newborns wereat higher risk of pathological jaundice. Newborns with the time of the third stage of labor ≥25 min （OR=6.527） wereat higher risk of physiologic jaundice. Conclusion The incidence of neonatal jaundice is relatively high, and pathological jaundice is related to many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the health care of related aspects in the perinatal period and raise the awareness of neonatal family members on jaundice, which will help reduce the occurrence of pathological jaundice.

Key words: Newborn, Physiologic jaundice, Pathological jaundice, Bilirubin, Influencing factor