Abstract: Objective To analyze the incidence and influencing factors of febrile convulsion （FC） in febrile children, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing FC in febrile children. Methods The incidence and influencing factors of FC in febrile children in a hospital in Shanghai from January 2019 to December 2020 were studied by prospective method. Results A total of 29 825 febrile children were included in this study, including 17 377 boys and 12 448 girls. The boy to girl ratio was 1.4∶1. The age ranged from 5 months to 12 years, with an average of （5.02±1.64） years. The peak temperature was 38.5 ℃~ 39.6 ℃, with an average of （39.08±0.21）℃. Two hundred and fifty-two FC occurred in febrile children, and the incidence rate of FC was 0.84%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that aged 3-<6 years （OR=0.879）, aged 6-12 years （OR=0.326）, boy （OR=1.219）, premature delivery （OR=1.553）, peak body temperature>39 ℃ （OR=5.801）, a family history of FC （OR=3.155）, within 2 weeks after specific vaccination （OR=1.486）, hypochromic microcytic anemia （OR=5.425）, hypocalcemia （OR=4.632）, hyponatremia （OR=4.473） were influencing factors for FC in febrile children. Conclusion Febrile children are at risk of FC, and there are many influencing factors. Countermeasures should be taken against the above risk factors to reduce the incidence of FC.

Key words: Febrile children, Febrile convulsion, Influencing factor