Abstract: Objective To explore the multi-drug resistant organism （MDRO） infection at the surgical site and its risk factors, so as to provide evidence-based reference for the prevention and treatment of surgical site infection. Methods From 2019 to 2020, the adult patients who underwent surgical treatment in a hospital in Jiaozuo were selected as the research objects. The basic information and the condition of the patients were collected, and the patients' surgery and preoperative related test indicators and medication status were collected from the hospital medical record information system. Biological samples of infected sites were collected from patients with suspected infection symptoms and signs such as fever, incision redness and swelling, and abnormal drainage fluid for pathogen culture and detection. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the MDRO infection, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze its influencing factors. Results A total of 250 MDRO infections occurred in 7 820 patients, and the MDRO infection rate was 3.20%. There were 6 cases of Staphylococcus aureus infection, 14 cases of Acinetobacter baumanii infection, 29 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, 34 cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, and 167 cases of Escherichia coli infection. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes （OR=3.578）, tumor （OR=4.135）, anemia （OR=4.701）, admission to ICU （OR=5.045）, organ perforation （OR=2.414）, incision classification was class Ⅱ or Ⅲ （OR=2.284, 3.013）, risk surgery （OR=5.135）, application of antibacterial drugs ≥2 kinds （OR=2.340）, antibacterial treatment course ≥5 d （OR=4.759）, and reoperation （OR=2.036） were the risk factors of MDRO infection in adult surgical patients. Conclusion MDRO infection at the surgical site of adult surgical patients is common, and there are many related risk factors. Clinically, perioperative management can be strengthened according to the above factors to reduce the incidence of MDRO infection.

Key words: Surgical site infection, Multi-drug resistant organism, Pathogen distribution, Influencing factor